A Facile Route to Bimetal and Nitrogen-Codoped 3D Porous Graphitic Carbon Networks for Efficient Oxygen Reduction
A Facile Route to Bimetal and Nitrogen-Codoped 3D Porous Graphitic Carbon Networks for Efficient Oxygen Reduction
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用于高效减氧的双金属和氮共掺杂 3D 多孔石墨碳网络的简便途径
DOI：
10.1002/smll.201601617
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发表时间：
2016
期刊：
影响因子：
13.3
通讯作者：
Feng Wang
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Zhengping Zhang;Meiling Dou;Haijing Liu;Liming Dai;Feng Wang
燃料电池技术可以通过减少氧气和氧化燃料（如氢气），以水作为唯一的副产品，直接将化学能转化为清洁和可持续的电力，有望解决当前全球能源和环境挑战燃料电池技术由于其能量转换效率高、几乎无污染、可持续性好等优点，近年来受到越来越多的研究关注。[2,3]然而，燃料电池技术的大规模商业化一直受到阴极缓慢的氧还原反应（ORR）的阻碍。[4,5]虽然铂（Pt）和Pt基合金已被证明是最有效的ORR电催化剂，但Pt有限的资源和高昂的成本也使Pt基催化剂成为燃料电池大规模商业化应用的主要障碍为了解决这一问题，人们一直致力于开发高活性、低成本的ORR电催化剂。[7-10]在过去的几十年里，非贵金属氮掺杂碳（M-NC）材料由于其优异的催化性能、相对低廉的价格和充足的供应，作为ORR催化剂的替代品得到了广泛的研究。[11-14] M-NC催化剂既可以通过氮掺杂碳材料后处理制备，也可以通过金属有机化合物的碳化原位掺杂制备。[15-18]近年来，共价有机框架（COFs）、金属有机框架（MOFs）、有机聚合物（cop）等具有独特的三维多孔石墨烯样结构和高催化活性的催化剂被认为是制备M-NC催化剂的一种很有前途的方法。[19-25]然而，这种方法往往涉及多个步骤
Fuel cell technology that can directly convert chemical energy into clean and sustainable electricity by reducing oxygen gas and oxidizing fuel (eg, hydrogen gas) with water as the only by-product is promising to solve the current global energy and environmental challenges.[1] Owing to its high energy conversion efficiency, virtually no pollution, and good sustainability, the fuel cell technology has recently received ever increasing research interest.[2, 3] However, large-scale commercialization of the fuel cell technology has been hindered by the sluggish oxygen reduction reaction (ORR) at the cathode.[4, 5] Although platinum (Pt) and Pt-based alloys have been proved to be the most efficient electrocatalysts for ORR, the limited resource and the high cost of Pt have also made Pt-based catalysts the primary barrier for fuel cells to be commercialized for large-scale applications.[6] To address this issue, great efforts have been devoted to the development of highly active and low-cost electrocatalysts for ORR.[7–10] During the past decades, non-precious metal nitrogendoped carbon (M-NC) materials have been widely studied as alternative ORR catalysts due to their outstanding catalytic performance, along with a relatively low price and abundant supply.[11–14] The M-NC catalysts can be prepared either by post-treatment of the nitrogen-doped carbon materials or through in situ doping through carbonization of metal-organic compounds.[15–18] Recently, pyrolysis of covalent organic frameworks (COFs), metal organic frameworks (MOFs), organic polymers (COPs) has been recognized as a promising approach to M-NC catalysts with unique 3D porous graphene-like morphologies and high catalytic activities.[19–25] However, this approach often involves multi-step