Sleep stage 2: An electroencephalographic, autonomic, and hormonal duality
Sleep stage 2: An electroencephalographic, autonomic, and hormonal duality
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DOI：
10.1093/sleep/28.12.1535
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发表时间：
2005-12-01
期刊：
影响因子：
5.6
通讯作者：
Buchheit, M
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Brandenberger, G;Ehrhart, J;Buchheit, M
研究目的：一般认为，睡眠阶段2的脑电图是不均匀的，这取决于睡眠阶段2是向慢波睡眠（SWS）还是向快速眼动（REM）睡眠发展。我们在这里提供，进一步的证据的双重性睡眠阶段2的基础上，其自主和激素background.Participants：14名健康男性（年龄21-29岁）经历了1个实验night.Interventions：睡眠和心脏记录从晚上11：00到上午7：00。血液连续采样超过10分钟periods.Measurements和结果：自主神经活动，从心率变异性分析和激素配置文件推断，进行了检查与规范化的催眠图。我们发现了自主神经系统在睡眠阶段2的双重活动，在向SWS过渡的过程中，心率变异性交感神经指数逐渐降低，而在睡眠阶段2，向REM睡眠发展的过程中，心率变异性交感神经指数较高且相当稳定。此外，不同的配置文件中观察到的2个主要激素系统，激活促肾上腺皮质激素系统和肾素-血管紧张素系统。皮质醇处于昼夜分泌的活跃期，在SWS前的睡眠阶段2中保持稳定，而在REM睡眠前的睡眠阶段2中显著增加。对于血浆肾素活性，睡眠阶段2发挥了过渡性的作用，开始增加的水平，达到高峰期SWS和下降的水平，达到最低点在REM sleep.Conclusions：这些结果表明自主和激素的双重性睡眠阶段2的特点是由一个“安静”的时期准备SWS和一个“活跃”的时期前REM sleep. These。这些差异可能赋予这个睡眠阶段在超昼夜睡眠调节的基础作用。
Study Objectives: It is generally thought that the electroencephalogram of sleep stage 2 is not uniform, depending on whether sleep stage 2 evolves toward slow-wave sleep (SWS) or toward rapid eye movement (REM) sleep. We provide here, further evidence of the duality of sleep stage 2 on the basis of its autonomic and hormonal background.Participants: Fourteen healthy men (aged 21-29 years) underwent 1 experimental night.Interventions: Sleep and cardiac recordings were taken from 11:00 PM to 7:00 AM. Blood was sampled continuously over 10-minute periods.Measurements and Results: Autonomic activity, as inferred from heart rate variability analysis and hormone profiles, were examined with regard to the normalized hypnograms. We found a dual activity of the autonomic nervous system during sleep stage 2, with a progressive decrease in heart rate variability sympathetic indexes during the transition toward SWS contrasting with high and rather stable levels during sleep stage 2 that evolve toward REM sleep. Also, different profiles were observed in 2 major hormone systems, the activating adrenocorticotropic system and the renin-angiotensin system. Cortisol, in its active period of circadian secretion, was stable during sleep stage 2 preceding SWS and increased significantly when sleep stage 2 preceded REM sleep. For plasma renin activity, sleep stage 2 played a transitional role, initiating increasing levels that peaked during SWS and decreasing levels that reached a nadir during REM sleep.Conclusions: These results indicate an autonomic and hormonal duality of sleep stage 2 that is characterized by a "quiet" period preparing SWS and an "active" period preceding REM sleep. These differences may confer a fundamental role on this sleep stage in ultradian sleep regulation.