Higher Prevalence of Eating Disorders among Adolescent Elite Athletes than Controls
Higher Prevalence of Eating Disorders among Adolescent Elite Athletes than Controls
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DOI：
10.1249/mss.0b013e318281a939
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发表时间：
2013-06-01
期刊：
影响因子：
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通讯作者：
Sundgot-Borgen, Jorunn
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
Martinsen, Marianne;Sundgot-Borgen, Jorunn
目的：本研究的目的是检查男女青少年精英运动员和非运动控制者中饮食失调（艾德）的患病率。方法：这是一个两阶段的研究，包括自我报告问卷（第一部分），其次是临床访谈（第二部分）。挪威16所精英体育高中（n = 677）和两所随机选择的高中（对照组，n = 421）的一年级学生的总人口被邀请参加。611名（90%）运动员和355名（84%）对照完成了问卷。报告与艾德相关症状的受试者被归类为“有风险”的ED。在第二部分中，所有“有风险”的运动员（n = 153），随机抽样的非“有风险”的运动员（n = 153），随机抽取50%的对照样本，分为“有风险”组（n = 91）和非“有风险”组（n = 88）被邀请参加临床访谈以筛查艾德（即，符合精神疾病诊断和统计手册中神经性厌食症、神经性贪食症或未另外说明的艾德的标准）。结果：在第一部分中，对照组比运动员更容易被归类为艾德的“危险”（50.7%比25.0%，P < 0.001）。在第二部分中，运动员和对照组总人群中艾德的患病率估计为7.0%对2.3%，差异为4.7（95%置信区间，3.4-6.0; P = 0.001），女性运动员的艾德患病率高于男性运动员（14.0% vs 3.2%，P < 0.001），女性和男性对照组（5.1% vs 0%，P < 0.001）。体重敏感运动组和体重不敏感运动组的女性艾德患病率无差异（19.7%vs11.9%，P = 0.136）。结论：优秀青少年运动员艾德性勃起功能障碍患病率高于对照组，女性高于男性。需要进行临床访谈以确定ED的准确患病率。
Purpose: The objective of this study is to examine the prevalence of eating disorders (ED) among female and male adolescent elite athletes and nonathletic controls. Methods: This was a two-phase study, including a self-report questionnaire (part I) followed by clinical interviews (part II). The total population of first-year students at 16 Norwegian Elite Sport High Schools (n = 677) and two randomly selected high schools (controls, n = 421) were invited to participate. The questionnaire was completed by 611 (90%) athletes and 355 (84%) controls. The subjects reporting symptoms associated with ED were classified as "at risk'' for ED. In part II, all "at-risk'' athletes (n = 153), a random sample of not "at risk'' (n = 153), and a random sample of 50% of the controls classified as "at risk'' (n = 91) and not "at risk'' (n = 88) were invited to the clinical interview to screen for ED (i.e., meeting the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders criteria for anorexia nervosa, bulimia nervosa, or ED not otherwise specified). Results: In part I, more controls than athletes were classified as "at risk'' for ED (50.7% vs 25.0%, P < 0.001). In part II, the prevalence of ED among the total population of athletes and controls was estimated to be 7.0% versus 2.3%, with a difference of 4.7% (95% confidence interval, 3.4-6.0; P = 0.001), with the ED prevalence being higher for female than male athletes (14.0% vs 3.2%, P < 0.001) and female and male controls (5.1% vs 0%, P < 0.001). No difference in the prevalence of ED was detected between the females in weight-sensitive and less weight-sensitive sport groups (19.7% vs 11.9%, P = 0.136). Conclusion: The prevalence of ED is higher in adolescent elite athletes than controls and higher in female than male athletes. Clinical interview is needed to determine accurate prevalence of ED.