Dominance, competition, and energetic reserves in the European starling, Sturnus vulgaris
Dominance, competition, and energetic reserves in the European starling, Sturnus vulgaris
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欧洲椋鸟 (Sturnus vulgaris) 的优势、竞争和能量储备
DOI：
10.1093/beheco/6.3.343
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发表时间：
1995
影响因子：
2.4
通讯作者：
J. Swaddle
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
M. Witter;J. Swaddle
研究了欧洲椋鸟（Sturnus vulgaris）的社会支配地位、食物竞争与体重和脂肪调节策略之间的关系。在三只一组的鸟类中，亚优势鸟比优势鸟储存了更多的脂肪。一项移除实验确立了社会支配地位与脂肪储备之间的因果关系；在移除优势个体的组中，相对于移除从属个体的对照组，剩下的鸟的体重和脂肪都减少了。在第二个实验中，我们研究了食物竞争程度和优势对体重和脂肪储备的影响。高竞争的鸟类脂肪储备增加，体重往往高于低竞争的鸟类。脂肪储备的增加在亚显性中高于显性。这些结果与关于优势依赖食物获取的假设一致；处于劣势的鸟类，或者处于竞争加剧的鸟类，可能会储存更多的脂肪，作为在无法获得食物时的保险。然而，优势、体重和脂肪储备之间的关系也可能通过其他与优势依赖的脂肪储存成本和收益相关的近似因素产生，例如捕食风险和能量消耗。
We investigated the relationships between social dominance, competition for food, and strategies of body mass and fat regulation in the European starling (Sturnus vulgaris). In birds housed in groups of three, subdominant birds stored more fat than dominants. A removal experiment established a causal link between social dominance and fat reserves; in groups that had the dominant individual removed, the remaining birds reduced body mass and fat, relative to control groups that had the subordinate removed. In a second experiment, we investigated the influences of degree of competition for food and dominance on body mass and fat reserves. Birds under high competition increased fat reserves and tended to have higher body mass than birds under low competition. The increase in fat reserves was higher in the subdominants than in the dominants. These results are consistent with hypotheses concerning dominance-dependent access to food; subdominant birds, or birds under increased competition, may store more fat as an insurance against periods when food cannot be obtained. However, relations between dominance, body mass, and fat reserves may also arise through other proximate factors relating to dominance-dependent costs and benefits of fat storage, such as predation risk and energetic expenditure.