Evaluation of Three Soybean Products in Diets Fed to Juvenile Hybrid Striped Bass Morone saxatilis×M. chrysops
Evaluation of Three Soybean Products in Diets Fed to Juvenile Hybrid Striped Bass Morone saxatilis×M. chrysops
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DOI：
10.1111/j.1749-7345.1997.tb00636.x
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发表时间：
1997-09
影响因子：
2.8
通讯作者：
P. Brown;R. Twibell;Y. Jonker;K. A. Wilson
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
P. Brown;R. Twibell;Y. Jonker;K. A. Wilson
幼鱼杂种条纹鲈Morone saxatilis×M.给草蛉喂食含有分级水平的溶剂提取的大豆粉、烘烤的大豆或生的未加工的大豆的实际饮食。进行了两项单独的10周研究;在每项研究中，对大豆产品进行了两次单独的评估。在第一项研究中，饲喂45%或更高水平的豆粕的鱼的增重和饲料效率显著低于饲喂阳性对照饮食的鱼，而饲喂30%豆粕的鱼的增重和饲料效率与饲喂对照饮食的鱼没有显著差异。与喂食对照饮食的鱼相比，喂食最低水平的未加工大豆（20%）的鱼表现出显著降低的增重和饲料效率。在第二项研究中，喂食40%烤大豆的鱼的增重和饲料效率显著低于喂食对照饮食的鱼，但喂食20%烤大豆的鱼的增重和饲料效率并不显著低于喂食对照饮食的鱼。在这两项研究中，整个身体的近似组成值显着不同的治疗。全身脂质浓度显着较高的鱼喂养一定水平的豆制品，但只有在以上的水平引起抑郁症的体重增加和饲料效率。对溶剂提取的大豆粉进行了进一步的评价，其中掺入水平为干饲料的20-40%，分级为5%，具有营养完整的矿物质预混物。在该研究中，喂食任何水平豆粕的鱼的增重和饲料效率与喂食阳性对照饮食的鱼没有显著差异。处理组之间的全身近距离成分无显著差异。未经加工的大豆显然没有什么潜力作为饲料的成分喂养少年杂交条纹鲈鱼;烘烤，或热处理，提高其使用。溶剂萃取大豆有潜力提供饲料中的大部分粗蛋白质喂养幼杂交条纹鲈。加入完全矿物质预混物似乎有利于高水平的溶剂提取豆粕。
Juvenile hybrid striped bass Morone saxatilis×M. chrysops were fed practical diets containing graded levels of either solvent-extracted soybean meal, roasted soybeans, or raw, unprocessed soybeans. Two separate 10-wk studies were conducted; within each study, there were two separate evaluations of soy products. In the first study, weight gain and feed efficiency of fish fed 45% or higher levels of soybean meal were significantly lower than fish fed the positive control diet, while weight gain and feed efficiency of fish fed 30% soybean meal were not significantly different than fish fed the control diet. Fish fed the lowest level of unprocessed soybean (20%) exhibited significantly depressed weight gain and feed efficiency compared to fish fed the control diet. In the second study, weight gain and feed efficiency of fish fed 40% roasted soybeans were significantly lower than fish fed the control diet, but weight gain and feed efficiency of fish fed 20% roasted soybeans were not significantly lower than fish fed the control diet. In both studies, whole body proximate composition values were significantly different among treatments. Whole-body lipid concentrations were significantly higher in fish fed certain levels of soy products, but only at levels above those eliciting depressions in weight gain and feed efficiency. A further evaluation of solvent-extracted soybean meal was conducted with incorporation levels of 20–40% of the dry diet in gradations of 5% with a nutritionally complete mineral premix. Weight gain and feed efficiency of fish fed any level of soybean meal in that study were not significantly different from fish fed a positive control diet. Whole body proximate components were not significantly different between treatments. Unprocessed soybeans apparently have little potential as an ingredient in diets fed to juvenile hybrid striped bass; roasting, or heat treatment, improves their use. Solvent extracted soybean has the potential of supplying the majority of crude protein in diets fed to juvenile hybrid striped bass. Incorporation of complete mineral premixes seems beneficial with higher levels of solvent-extracted soybean meal.