The Bezold‐Jarisch Reflex
The Bezold‐Jarisch Reflex
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贝佐德-贾里什反射
DOI：
--
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发表时间：
2001
期刊：
影响因子：
--
通讯作者：
D. G. Aviado
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
D. Aviado;D. G. Aviado
摘要：Bezold-Jarisch 反射是实验动物静脉注射藜芦生物碱后出现的三联反应（呼吸暂停、心动过缓和低血压）的同名词。这一观察结果最早由 von Bezold 和 Hirt 于 1867 年报道，并于 1938 年至 1940 年由 Jarisch 证实。三联征依赖于完整的迷走神经，并通过控制呼吸、心率和血管舒缩张力的颅神经髓质中枢介导。呼吸效应是通过肺迷走神经传入介导的，心动过缓和血管抑制是通过心脏迷走神经传入介导的。藜芦生物碱可激活颈动脉-主动脉和心肺区域的所有已知受体。心肺受体（压力感受器、咳嗽感受器和实质牵张感受器）也对其他化学物质有反应：尼古丁、辣椒素、毒液、抗组胺药、卤化麻醉剂、双胍和血清素（5-羟色胺）。最后提到的胺的衍生物可激活 1、2 或 3 型受体并具有潜在的治疗用途。由于多种类型的心肺受体参与 Bezold-Jarisch 反射，因此很难开发出针对一种类型的受体的阻断剂用于治疗用途（咳嗽、支气管痉挛、肺动脉高压或冠状血管痉挛）。轴突反射影响肺血管、支气管血管和支气管平滑肌。这些肺内反射需要进一步研究它们与健康和疾病中的 Bezold-Jarisch 反射的关系。心肺和颈动脉反射可以作为防御机制，抵御可能在工作场所和环境中吸入的化学危害。
Abstract: The Bezold‐Jarisch reflex is an eponym for a triad of responses (apnea, bradycardia, and hypotension) following intravenous injection of veratrum alkaloids in experimental animals. The observation was first reported in 1867 by von Bezold and Hirt, and confirmed in 1938–1940 by Jarisch. The triad depends on intact vagi and is mediated through cranial nervous medullary centers controlling respiration, heart rate, and vasomotor tone. The respiratory effects are mediated through pulmonary vagal afferents and the bradycardia and vasodepression through cardiac vagal afferents. The veratrum alkaloids activate all known receptors in the carotid‐aortic and cardiopulmonary areas. The cardiopulmonary receptors (baroreceptors, cough receptors, and parenchymal stretch receptors) also respond to other chemical substances: nicotine, capsaicin, venom, antihistaminics, halogenated anesthetics, diguanides, and serotonin (5‐hydroxytryptamine). Derivatives of last‐mentioned amine activate Type 1, 2, or 3 receptors and have potential therapeutic use. Since several types of cardiopulmonary receptors participate in the Bezold‐Jarisch reflex, it has been difficult to develop a blockade to one type of receptor for therapeutic use (cough, bronchospasm, pulmonary hypertension, or coronary vasospasm). Axon reflexes influence pulmonary blood vessels, bronchial blood vessels, and bronchial smooth muscles. These intrapulmonary reflexes need further study as to how they relate to the Bezold‐Jarisch reflex in health and disease. The cardiopulmonary and carotid‐aortic reflexes can serve as defense mechanisms against chemical hazards that are likely to be inhaled in the workplace and in the environment.
DOI：
10.1016/s0735-1097(83)80014-x
发表时间：
1983-01-01
影响因子：
24
作者：
MARK, AL
通讯作者：
MARK, AL