Callosal Thickness Reductions Relate to Facial Dysmorphology in Fetal Alcohol Spectrum Disorders
Callosal Thickness Reductions Relate to Facial Dysmorphology in Fetal Alcohol Spectrum Disorders
复制标题
DOI：
10.1111/j.1530-0277.2011.01679.x
复制
发表时间：
2012-05-01
影响因子：
3.2
通讯作者：
Sowell, Elizabeth R.
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Yang, Yaling;Phillips, Owen R.;Sowell, Elizabeth R.
背景：在胎儿酒精谱系障碍（FASD）患者中，胼胝体（CC）的结构异常，如体积减小和形状变异性增加，已被记录在案。然而，CC结构改变的区域特异性，可能指出神经发育障碍和/或与特定功能障碍有关的时间，仍不清楚。此外，面部畸形与胼胝体结构之间的关系仍不确定。方法：153名参与者（年龄8 ~ 16岁），包括82名FASD患者和71名非暴露对照组。在3个地点（美国加州洛杉矶和圣地亚哥以及南非开普敦）收集这些受试者的结构磁共振成像数据，并使用经典的分割方案以及更精细的基于表面的几何建模方法进行分析，以高空间分辨率识别FASD胼胝体形态学变化。结果：与未暴露对照组相比，FASD患者胼胝体厚度和面积减少，特别是在前三分之一和脾脏。此外，CC厚度和面积的减少与睑裂长度的减少有显著相关性。结论：与先前的报告一致，研究结果表明产前酒精暴露对胼胝体生长有不利影响，并进一步表明连接每个半球额叶和顶枕区域的纤维通路可能受到特别影响。胼胝体和面部畸形之间的显著联系为FASD患者面部中线和大脑结构发育同时受到损害提供了证据。
Background: Structural abnormalities of the corpus callosum (CC), such as reduced size and increased shape variability, have been documented in individuals with fetal alcohol spectrum disorders (FASD). However, the regional specificity of altered CC structure, which may point to the timing of neurodevelopmental disturbances and/or relate to specific functional impairments, remains unclear. Furthermore, associations between facial dysmorphology and callosal structure remain undetermined. Methods: One hundred and fifty-three participants (age range 8 to 16) including 82 subjects with FASD and 71 nonexposed controls were included in this study. The structural magnetic resonance imaging data of these subjects was collected at 3 sites (Los Angeles and San Diego, California, and Cape Town, South Africa) and analyzed using classical parcellation schemes, as well as more refined surface-based geometrical modeling methods, to identify callosal morphological alterations in FASD at high spatial resolution. Results: Reductions in callosal thickness and area, specifically in the anterior third and the splenium, were observed in FASD compared with nonexposed controls. In addition, reduced CC thickness and area significantly correlated with reduced palpebral fissure length. Conclusions: Consistent with previous reports, findings suggest an adverse effect of prenatal alcohol exposure on callosal growth and further indicate that fiber pathways connecting frontal and parieto-occipital regions in each hemisphere may be particularly affected. Significant associations between callosal and facial dysmorphology provide evidence for a concurrent insult to midline facial and brain structural development in FASD.