Dynamics of osmotic fluid flow

Dynamics of osmotic fluid flow
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渗透液流动动力学

DOI:
10.1007/978-3-642-84619-9_44
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发表时间:
1992
期刊:
影响因子:
1.4
通讯作者:
C. Peskin
C. Peskin
中科院分区:
地球科学3区
文献类型:
--
作者:
G. Oster;C. Peskin

文献摘要

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渗透压的经典热力学处理足以计算大多数感兴趣的量,而无需参考任何分子模型(例如,参见 Finkelstein,1987)。然而,人的直觉总是得到分子模型的帮助,在不熟悉的情况下思考渗透流时,微观图片可能非常有用。因此,我们在这里提供了一个令人惊讶的简单直观的分子模型,用于描述由渗透产生的压力梯度驱动的溶剂流动。我们将证明渗透压是由作用在溶质颗粒上的外力产生的,该外力通过粘性阻力传递到溶质。这个简单的图片使我们能够提出一种模拟方法,该方法可用于计算与聚合物和凝胶膨胀中出现的相当复杂的情况相关的渗透流。
The classical thermodynamic treatment of osmotic pressure is quite sufficient to compute most quantities of interest without reference to any molecular model (see, for example, Finkelstein, 1987). However, one’s intuition is always aided by molecular models, and a microscopic picture can be quite useful when thinking about osmotic flow in unfamiliar situations. Therefore, we offer here a surprisingly simple and intuitive molecular model for describing solvent flow driven by osmotically generated pressure gradients. We will show that osmotic pressure arises from the external force on solute particles which is transmitted to the solute by viscous drag. This simple picture enables us to propose a simulation method that can be used to compute the osmotic flows associated with quite complex situations arising in polymer and gel swelling.