Maternal smoking and childhood asthma.
Maternal smoking and childhood asthma.
复制标题
母亲吸烟与儿童哮喘。
作者：
M. Weitzman;S. Gortmaker;D. Walker;A. Sobol
根据大量文献，儿童被动吸烟与下呼吸道疾病的发病率增加和肺功能减弱有关。然而，被动吸烟与儿童哮喘之间的关系尚不清楚。对1981年全国健康访谈调查的《儿童健康补充资料》中的4331名0-5岁儿童的资料进行了分析，以研究母亲吸烟与(1)儿童哮喘患病率、(1)服用哮喘药物的可能性、(3)儿童哮喘的发病年龄、(4)有无哮喘儿童的住院次数之间的关系。多因素Logistic回归分析显示，与非吸烟者相比，母亲每天吸烟0.5包或更多的儿童患哮喘的优势比为2.1(P=.001)。在类似的分析中，母亲每天吸烟0.5包被确定为儿童使用哮喘药物(优势比4.6，P=.0006)和在生命第一年发展为哮喘(优势比2.6，P=.0006)的独立风险。母亲吸烟还与住院次数增加有关，因为它增加了患哮喘的风险，而且有助于独立于患有哮喘的儿童住院。然而，在哮喘儿童中，母亲吸烟与住院人数增加无关。结论是，母亲吸烟与更高的哮喘发病率，使用哮喘药物的可能性增加，以及疾病的早期发病有关。
According to a substantial literature, passive smoking by children is associated with an increased incidence of lower respiratory illness and diminished pulmonary function. The relationship between passive smoking and childhood asthma, however, is not clear. Data from the Child Health Supplement to the 1981 National Health Interview Survey were analyzed with information about 4331 children aged 0 to 5 years to study the relationship between maternal smoking and (1) the prevalence of childhood asthma, (1) the likelihood of taking asthma medication, (3) the age of onset of children's asthma, and (4) the number of hospitalizations among children with and without asthma. An odds ratio for asthma of 2.1 was shown by multivariate logistic regressions among children whose mothers smoke 0.5 packs of cigarettes or more per day compared with children of nonsmokers (P = .001). In similar analyses maternal smoking of 0.5 packs per day was identified as an independent risk for children's use of asthma medications (odds ratio 4.6, P = .0006) and for asthma developing in the first year of life (odds ratio 2.6, P = .0006). Maternal smoking is also associated with increased numbers of hospitalizations by its association with an increased risk of asthma as well as by contributing to hospitalizations independently of a child having asthma. Among children with asthma, however, maternal smoking is not associated with increased numbers of hospitalizations. It was concluded that maternal smoking is associated with higher rates of asthma, an increased likelihood of using asthma medications, and an earlier onset of the disease.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)