Measurement of slipperiness:: Fundamental concepts and definitions
Measurement of slipperiness:: Fundamental concepts and definitions
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DOI：
10.1080/00140130110085529
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发表时间：
2001-10-20
期刊：
影响因子：
2.4
通讯作者：
Strandberg, L
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Grönqvist, R;Chang, WR;Strandberg, L
本文的主要目的是给出一个概述的基本概念和定义的术语有关的'测量滑溜'从一个脚滑的开始，逐渐失去平衡和下降。福尔斯跌倒前的其他意外事件（如绊倒）则很少处理。打滑性的测量可以简单地包括对滑动危险暴露的估计，所述滑动危险暴露引发最终导致伤害的事件链。然而，还需要考虑人类预测打滑和适应不安全环境的能力，以避免失去平衡和受伤。生物力学和以人为中心的测量可用于这种方法，包括对避免滑倒/跌倒的相关安全标准的评估和对滑倒测试装置的验证程序。机械滑动测试方法已经很容易地用于测量在摩擦或滑动阻力方面的滑动性，但具有相互矛盾的结果。一个更好的理解的测量滑溜的范例似乎涉及到整合的方法，在几个学科，其中包括。损伤流行病学、心理物理学、生物力学、运动控制、材料科学和摩擦学。
The main objective of this paper is to give an overview of basic concepts and definitions of terms related to the 'measurement of slipperiness' from the onset of a foot slide to a gradual loss of balance and a fall. Other unforeseen events prior to falls (e.g. tripping) are sparingly dealt with. The measurement of slipperiness may simply comprise an estimation of slipping hazard exposures that initiate the chain of events ultimately causing an injury. However, there is also a need to consider the human capacity to anticipate slipperiness and adapt to unsafe environments for avoiding a loss of balance and an injury. Biomechanical and human-centred measurements may be utilized for such an approach, including an evaluation of relevant safety criteria for slip/fall avoidance and procedures for validation of slip test devices. Mechanical slip testing approaches have been readily utilized to measure slipperiness in terms of friction or slip resistance but with conflicting outcomes. An improved understanding of the measurement of slipperiness paradigm seems to involve an integration of the methodologies used in several disciplines, among others. injury epidemiology, psychophysics, biomechanics, motor control, materials science and tribology.