Temporary hyposmia in COVID-19 patients
Temporary hyposmia in COVID-19 patients
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DOI：
10.1007/s00106-020-00891-4
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发表时间：
2020-05-25
期刊：
影响因子：
0.9
通讯作者：
Wendtner, C-M
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
Bocksberger, S.;Wagner, W.;Wendtner, C-M
背景这是一份关于德国第一个COVID-19患者队列（Webasto集群）中COVID-19患者嗅觉功能障碍高发率的报告。方法63例COVID-19患者中有26例（41%）报告嗅觉和/或味觉丧失，而只有31%的嗅觉减退患者同时伴有鼻炎症状。在这些患者中的14例中进行了味觉测试，在10例中进行了味觉测试。这些测量是在早期COVID-19队列的患者护理环境中进行的。结果10/14例患者在鼻充血缓解前后均存在嗅觉障碍。其中2例患者的嗅觉减退是SARS-CoV-2感染的主要或唯一症状。所有接受测试的患者均报告在8至23天内恢复嗅觉和/或味觉。结论数据表明，a）COVID-19可导致相关数量的患者出现嗅觉减退，该队列的发生率约为30%; B）在大多数情况下，嗅觉障碍与鼻塞无关，因此表明可能存在神经源性起源; c）嗅觉障碍在COVID-19症状发作后1-3周内基本消退。没有迹象表明味觉障碍的发生率增加。考虑到本研究中观察到的嗅觉减退的暂时性，这些早期数据可能有助于解释COVID-19相关的嗅觉减退以及对患者的咨询。此外，根据目前的经验，没有鼻阻塞的嗅觉减退可能是SARS-CoV-2感染的主要症状，甚至是唯一症状。
Background This is a report on the high incidence of olfactory dysfunction in COVID-19 patients in the first cohort of COVID-19 patients in Germany (Webasto cluster). Methods Loss of sense of smell and/or taste was reported by 26 of 63 COVID-19 patients (41%), whereas only 31% of the patients experiencing hyposmia had simultaneous symptoms of rhinitis. Smell tests were performed in 14 of these patients and taste tests in 10. The measurements were conducted in a patient care setting in an early COVID-19 cohort. Results An olfactory disorder was present in 10/14 patients, before as well as after nasal decongestion. In 2 of these patients, hyposmia was the leading or only symptom of SARS-CoV-2 infection. All tested patients reported recovery of smell and/or taste within 8 to 23 days. Conclusion The data imply that a) COVID-19 can lead to hyposmia in a relevant number of patients, the incidence was approximately 30% in this cohort; b) in most cases, the olfactory disturbance was not associated with nasal obstruction, thus indicating a possible neurogenic origin; and c) the olfactory disorder largely resolved within 1-3 weeks after the onset of COVID-19 symptoms. There were no indications of an increased incidence of dysgeusia. These early data may help in the interpretation of COVID-19-associated hyposmia as well as in the counseling of patients, given the temporary nature of hyposmia observed in this study. Furthermore, according to the current experience, hyposmia without rhinitic obstruction can be the leading or even the only symptom of a SARS-CoV-2 infection.