A nutrient density standard for vegetables and fruits: Nutrients per calorie and nutrients per unit cost
A nutrient density standard for vegetables and fruits: Nutrients per calorie and nutrients per unit cost
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DOI：
10.1016/j.jada.2005.09.005
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发表时间：
2005-12-01
影响因子：
--
通讯作者：
Drewnowski, A
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
Darmon, N;Darmon, M;Drewnowski, A
2005年美国人膳食指南建议消费者优先考虑营养密集型食品，即那些含有大量与膳食能量相关的关键营养素的食品。这项研究开发了一个评分系统，以估计蔬菜和水果的营养充足性，每重量，每卡路里，每单位costs.Data的基础上，我们使用了法国国家食品成分数据库的637种食物，其中包括129种蔬菜和水果。平均全国零售价格获得每food.Methods的营养充足性得分被定义为16种营养素的每日价值百分比的平均值，基于100克的食物。营养素密度得分和营养素价格比是16种营养素每日价值百分比的平均值，分别表示为每100千卡和每1欧元的食物。能量密度的蔬菜和水果，营养充足度得分，营养密度得分，营养与价格ratio之间的关系进行了测试，采用线性regression.Results能量密度和营养密度得分呈负相关，证实了广泛接受的概念，即能量密集的食物往往是营养贫乏。正如预期的那样，水果和蔬菜的营养密度得分最高，因为它们营养丰富，能量含量低。他们也有一个相对较高的营养价格比，表明他们提供的营养在一个合理的成本相比，其他foods.Conclusions食物排名不同时，营养充足计算每重量（营养充足分数），每卡路里（营养密度分数），或每单位成本（营养价格比）。目前的研究结果表明，虽然水果和蔬菜是膳食能量的昂贵来源，但它们以合理的成本提供关键营养素。
Objectives The Dietary Guidelines for Americans 2005 recommended that consumers give priority to nutrient-dense foods, those that contain substantial amounts of key nutrients in relation to the dietary energy they provide. This study developed a scoring system to estimate the nutritional adequacy of vegetables and fruits, on a per weight, per calorie, and per unit cost basis.Data We used a French national food composition database for 637 foods, including 129 vegetables and fruits. Mean national retail prices were obtained for each food.Methods The nutrient adequacy score was defined as the mean of percent daily values for 16 nutrients, based on 100 g of food. The nutrient density score and the nutrient-to-price ratio were the mean of percent daily values for 16 nutrients, expressed per 100 kcal and per 1 euro of food, respectively. Relationships between energy density of vegetables and fruits, nutrient adequacy score, nutrient density score, and nutrient-to-price ratio were tested using linear regression.Results Energy density and nutrient density score were negatively correlated, confirming the widely accepted notion that energy-dense foods tend to be nutrient-poor. As expected, fruits and vegetables had the highest nutrient density score because they were nutrient-rich in relation to their low energy content. They also had a relatively high nutrient-to-price ratio, showing that they provided nutrients at a reasonable cost when compared with other foods.Conclusions Foods ranked differently when nutritional adequacy was calculated per weight (nutrient adequacy score), per calorie (nutrient density score), or per unit cost (nutrient-to-price ratio). The present results showed that although fruits and vegetables are an expensive source of dietary energy, they provide key nutrients at a reasonable cost.