Stress measures in tail biters and bitten pigs in a matched case-control study
Stress measures in tail biters and bitten pigs in a matched case-control study
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DOI：
10.7120/09627286.22.3.331
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发表时间：
2013-08-01
期刊：
影响因子：
1.2
通讯作者：
Valros, A.
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
Munsterhjelm, C.;Brunberg, E.;Valros, A.
本研究旨在确定在咬尾爆发期间扮演不同角色的猪（Sus scrofa）应激措施的差异。通过直接行为观察，选择四组（n = 16）年龄和性别匹配的育肥猪，包括咬尾猪（TB；n = 16）、受害者（V；n = 16）、同一栏内的对照猪（C-tb；n = 10）和不咬尾猪栏内的一头（C-no；n = 14）。使用的压力测量包括行为（坐狗、嗅同伴和攻击性）、甲状腺激素浓度、肾上腺和甲状腺的形态以及在 0700、1000、1600 和 1900 小时采样的唾液皮质醇浓度。使用混合模型研究类别（TB、V、C-tb、C-no）效应，其中重复作为受试者，类别作为重复效应。类别对肾上腺总量（皮质+髓质）和皮质面积、1900小时唾液皮质醇、血清三碘甲状腺原氨酸（T3）以及进行和接受嗅探的行为有显着影响。受害者遭受慢性压力、病理和 T3 分泌抑制的三联症。咬尾者的压力（可能是导致这种行为的原因）的证据包括白天皮质醇模式稍微平坦，以及比所有其他类别的嗅探次数更多。持续咬尾的栏内各类别之间晚间皮质醇浓度和 T3 水平的差异强调了对照动物的品质。它支持这样一种观点，即中性猪代表了一种表型，尽管被饲养在同一栏内，但它采取的应对策略导致比咬尾者和受害者更低的压力水平。
This study aimed to identify differences in stress measures in pigs (Sus scrofa) with different roles during a tail-biting outbreak. Quartets (n = 16) of age- and gender-matched fattening pigs including a tail biter (TB; n = 16), a victim (V; n = 16), a control in the same pen (C-tb; n = 10), and one in a pen without tail biting (C-no; n = 14) were chosen by direct behavioural observation. Stress measures used were behaviour (dog-sitting, sniffing of pen-mates and aggression), thyroid hormone concentration, morphology of adrenal and thyroid glands and salivary cortisol concentration sampled at 0700, 1000, 1600 and 1900h. Category (TB, V, C-tb, C-no) effects were investigated using a mixed model with replicate as subject and category as repeated effect. Category had a significant effect on adrenal total (cortex + medulla) and cortical area, salivary cortisol at 1900h, serum triiodothyronine (T3) and the behaviours performing and receiving sniffing. Victims suffered from a triad of chronic stress, pathology and suppressed T3 secretion. Evidence for stress in tail biters, a possible cause of the behaviour, consisted of a slightly flattened day-time cortisol pattern and more performed sniffing than all other categories. Differences in evening cortisol concentration and T3 levels between the categories in the pen with ongoing tail biting emphasise the qualities of the control animal. It supports the view that neutral pigs represent a phenotype that adopts a coping strategy leading to lower stress levels than in tail biters and victims, despite being housed in the same pen.