Group inbreeding and coancestry.
Group inbreeding and coancestry.
复制标题
群体近亲繁殖和近亲繁殖。
作者：
C. Cockerham
在他的古典论文《交配系统》（1921年）中，塞沃尔·赖特（Sewall Wright）就联合游戏的相关性而开发了近交系数的概念，除其他外，它与杂合性的下降相关，并将其应用于系统第二年（1922年），他制作了计算近交系数的程序，并衡量了不同个体之间的关系关系，从1931年。更复杂的情况，但这三篇论文是Malbcot（1948）。 “通过下降相同”，即作为同一祖先基因的副本，他对个人之间的关系（称为咨询）与近交系数相比，比MAL 〜COT的定义更为简单方法必须带来与赖特的结果相同的结果，它们通常更容易掌握和应用，仅需要简单的概率参数，因为那些在路径中尚不很好的人本文的目的是扩展近交和成本的定义，以包括这些扩展的群体。与个人的谱系相同。否则似乎很强大。
I N his classical papers, “Systems of Mating” (1921 ) , SEWALL WRIGHT developed the concept of the inbreeding coefficient in terms of the correlation of uniting gametes, and, among other things, related it to the decrease in heterozygosity and applied it to systems of mating relatives. The next year (1922) he produced procedures for calculating the inbreeding coefficient and a measure of the relationships among different individuals, which was now labeled coefficient of relationship, from pedigrees. In 1931 he showed the consequences of finite population size in terms of the inbreeding coefficient and the related variation and random drift of gene frequencies. In many other papers he and other workers have further refined the theory and extended the applications to more complex situations, but these three papers serve as the bases. MALBCOT (1948) provided an alternative view of the coefficient of inbreeding, making use of the probability of genes being “identical by descent,” i.e., of being copies of the same ancestral gene. His concomitant measure of the relationships among individuals, called coancestry herein, is more simply related to the inbreeding coefficient than is the coefficient of relationship. While MAL~COT’S definitions and methods must lead to the same results as does WRIGHT’S, they are generally easier to grasp and apply, requiring only simple probability arguments, for those not well versed in path coefficients. The purpose of the present paper is to extend the definitions of the inbreeding and coancestry coefficients to include groups of individuals. With these extensions, and a few further definitions, one can work with pedigrees of groups of individuals or of subdivisions of a population with almost the same ease as one does with pedigrees of individuals. Here again, the classical results are obtained, but the ease of application of the methods allows one to consider situations which otherwise would appear to be formidable.