Modulation and Signal-Processing Tradeoffs for Reverse-GPS Wildlife Localization Systems
Modulation and Signal-Processing Tradeoffs for Reverse-GPS Wildlife Localization Systems
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反向 GPS 野生动物定位系统的调制和信号处理权衡
DOI：
10.1109/euronav.2018.8433240
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发表时间：
2018
期刊：
影响因子：
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通讯作者：
Sivan Toledo
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
A. Leshchenko;Sivan Toledo
反向GPS野生动物定位系统正在成为区域高通量野生动物跟踪的关键技术。已经设计、实施和部署了两个这样的系统（在三大洲的六个地点）。现有的两种系统都受到限制，这是由于附接到野生动物的发射机所使用的调制，以及由于它们用于检测传输并估计其到达时间的检测和估计算法。本文研究了野生动物标签可以合理使用的三种不同调制方案的关键权衡。我们调查的因素包括从遥远的标签检测弱信号的能力，在给定的SNR下准确估计到达时间的能力，以及这些检测和估计算法的计算成本。我们的主要贡献是（1）证据表明，BPSK调制是上级基本上所有相关的指标，除了可能的芯片可用性，FSK和OOK;（2）证据表明，OOK是第二个最好的选择，其主要缺点是性能差的干扰下，从其他标签;（3）算法，以廉价搜索频率延迟空间在中等和高信噪比。我们还报告了旨在将BPSK标签的强大处理集成到野生动物跟踪系统中的实施工作。
Reverse-GPS wildlife localization systems are emerging as a key technology for regional high-throughput wildlife tracking. Two such systems have been designed, implemented, and deployed (in six sites on three continents). Both of the existing systems suffer from limitations due to the modulation that is used by transmitters, which are attached to wild animals, and due to the detection and estimation algorithms that they use to detect transmissions and estimate their arrival times. This paper investigates key tradeoffs associated with three different modulation schemes that wildlife tags can plausibly use. The factors that we investigate include the ability to detect weak signals from distant tags, the ability to accurately estimate the time-of-arrival at a given SNR, and the computational cost of these detection and estimation algorithms. Our key contributions are (1) evidence that BPSK modulation is superior in essentially all relevant metrics, except perhaps chip availability, to FSK and OOK; (2) evidence that OOK is a second-best choice and its main drawback is poor performance under interference from other tags; (3) algorithms to inexpensively search the frequency-delay space at moderate and high SNRs. We also report on implementation efforts designed to integrate robust processing of BPSK tags into a wildlife tracking system.