The Effect of Early and Delayed Harvest on Dynamics of Fermentation Profile, Chemical Composition, and Bacterial Community of King Grass Silage.
The Effect of Early and Delayed Harvest on Dynamics of Fermentation Profile, Chemical Composition, and Bacterial Community of King Grass Silage.
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早收和晚收对王草青贮饲料发酵特性、化学成分和细菌群落动态的影响
DOI：
10.3389/fmicb.2022.864649
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发表时间：
2022
影响因子：
5.2
通讯作者：
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
本研究旨在探讨收割时间对王草青贮料发酵特性、化学成分和微生物群落的影响。分别在90天(KN90S)、110天(KN110 S)和130天(KN130S)三个生长期收获王草，切成2~3 cm的颗粒，装在聚乙烯袋(20×30 cm)中青贮。分别在青贮后1、3、7、14、30、60d对青贮料的发酵品质和化学成分进行分析。采用下一代测序(NGS)技术对青贮60d的青贮料进行细菌群落分析。与KN90S和KN130S相比，KN110S在发酵7d内表现出最广泛的乳酸(LA)发酵。发酵60d后，KN110S的pH值最低，乳酸含量最高。KN90S和KN130S的丁酸和氨氮含量显著高于KN110S(p<；0.05)。经过60d的青贮期后，王草青贮料的细菌群落在门水平上以变形杆菌为主，而未分类的肠杆菌科属在所有青贮料中仍是优势种。KN90S和KN130S的梭菌相对丰度较高，而KN110S的相对丰度较低，KN110S和KN130S的乳球菌相对丰度高于KN90S。由此可见，收割时间对王草青贮料的发酵品质和微生物群落有重要影响。
The objective of this study was to assess the effect of harvesting time on the fermentation characteristics, chemical composition, and microbial community of king grass silage. King grass was harvested at three growth periods of 90 days (KN90S), 110 days (KN110S), and 130 days (KN130S); chopped into 2–3-cm particle size; and ensiled in polyethylene bags (20 × 30 cm). The fermentation quality and chemical composition of silages were analyzed after 1, 3, 7, 14, 30, and 60 days of ensiling. Bacterial community of silage ensiled for 60 days was profiled using next generation sequencing (NGS) technology. The KN110S showed the most extensive lactic acid (LA) fermentation during 7 days of fermentation compared to KN90S and KN130S. After 60 days of fermentation, the KN110S showed the lowest pH and the highest lactic acid content among the three treatments. The butyric acid and ammonia nitrogen contents of KN90S and KN130S were significantly greater than those of KN110S (p < 0.05). After a timespan of 60 days of ensiling, the bacterial community of king grass silage was predominantly populated by Proteobacteria in phylum level, whereas unclassified Enterobacteriaceae genus remained dominant in all silages. A higher relative abundance of Clostridium was observed in KN90S and KN130S, but not in KN110S, and greater abundance of Lactococcus appeared in KN110S and KN130S silages than KN90S. It is concluded that harvesting time had an important effect on the fermentation quality and microbial community of king grass silage.
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