The width of ecological corridor in landscape planning
The width of ecological corridor in landscape planning
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作者：
Y. Kong
生态廊道具有保护生物多样性、过滤污染物、防止侵蚀和防洪等多种功能。生态廊道作为景观规划设计中的重要元素，可以用来减少景观破碎化带来的负面影响。根据生态廊道的结构和功能不同，生态廊道可分为线形廊道、条形廊道和河流廊道。生态廊道的规划设计主要由数量、文脉、宽度、连通性、构成要素、重点和区域几个关键要素组成。生态廊道的宽度通常是一个不确定的参数，取决于生态廊道本身结构和功能的复杂性，它是目标物种、植被、廊道功能、周围土地利用和廊道长度等多个参数的函数。通过对廊道内不同生态过程的研究，确定科学合理的生态廊道宽度。本文从景观的结构和功能分析入手，从生物多样性保护的角度分析了生态廊道的宽度及其决定因素，并通过几个案例总结了生态廊道宽度的适宜范围。并提出了确定宽度的原则。
Ecological corridors have many functions such as biodiversity conservation, contamination filtration, erosion prevention and flood control. As an important element in landscape planning and design, ecological corridors can be used to reduce the negtative impact of landscape fragmentation. According to their different structures and functions, ecological corridors can be classified into linear, strip, and stream corridors. The planning and design of ecological corridors are mainly composed of several key elements including number, context, width, connectivity, component, key points and areas. The width of ecological corridors is usually an uncertain parameter depending on the complexity of the structures and functions of the ecological corridors themselves, and it is the function of a number of parameters such as target species, vegetation, functions of corridors, surrounding land uses and length of corridors. Scientific and appropriate width of ecological corridors should be determined based on the research of defferent ecological processes within the corridor. Starting from the analysis of the structure and function of landscape, this review analyzed the width of ecological corridors and its determinants from the perspective of biodiversity conservation; appropriate ranges of width were summarized from several case studies. Principles to define width were also proposed.