Distinguishing pronounced droughts in the southwestern United States: seasonality and effects of warmer temperatures.
Distinguishing pronounced droughts in the southwestern United States: seasonality and effects of warmer temperatures.
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区分美国西南部的明显干旱：季节性和气温升高的影响。
DOI：
10.1175/2009jcli2905.1
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发表时间：
2009
影响因子：
4.9
通讯作者：
J. Overpeck
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
J. Weiss;C. Castro;J. Overpeck
摘要较高的温度增加了大气的持水能力，并可能导致更大的大气蒸散需求，特别是在一年中较温暖的季节。降水量或大气湿度的增加会改善这种需求的增加，而降水量或大气湿度的减少会加剧这种需求的增加。在美国西南部（西南部），这意味着高温导致的蒸散需求的最大变化可能发生在干热的前夏季和热湿季风期间。在这里，地面气候观测的季节性差异进行了检查，以确定温度和湿度条件如何影响蒸散的需求，在20世纪50年代和21世纪初的西南干旱，后者可能受到温暖的温度现在主要归因于温室气体的积累。在2000年代干旱期间炎热干燥的前夏季，西南部大部分地区经历了显着变暖的温度，这在很大程度上推动了更大的蒸发蒸腾量。
Abstract Higher temperatures increase the moisture-holding capacity of the atmosphere and can lead to greater atmospheric demand for evapotranspiration, especially during warmer seasons of the year. Increases in precipitation or atmospheric humidity ameliorate this enhanced demand, whereas decreases exacerbate it. In the southwestern United States (Southwest), this means the greatest changes in evapotranspirational demand resulting from higher temperatures could occur during the hot–dry foresummer and hot–wet monsoon. Here seasonal differences in surface climate observations are examined to determine how temperature and moisture conditions affected evapotranspirational demand during the pronounced Southwest droughts of the 1950s and 2000s, the latter likely influenced by warmer temperatures now attributed mostly to the buildup of greenhouse gases. In the hot–dry foresummer during the 2000s drought, much of the Southwest experienced significantly warmer temperatures that largely drove greater evapotranspir...
DOI：
10.1073/pnas.0505734102
发表时间：
2005-10-18
影响因子：
11.1
作者：
Breshears, DD;Cobb, NS;Meyer, CW
通讯作者：
Meyer, CW