The use of focused attention in visual search by young and old adults.
The use of focused attention in visual search by young and old adults.
复制标题
年轻人和老年人在视觉搜索中使用集中注意力。
DOI：
10.1080/03610738308258442
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发表时间：
1983
影响因子：
1.8
通讯作者：
Madden,DJ
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Nebes,RD;Madden,DJ
最近有人提出，集中注意力的缺陷是老年人认知能力下降的原因之一。这一假设在两个视觉搜索研究中得到了验证。受试者必须判断给定的目标是否出现在六位数的数组中，其中三位数是红色的，其余是黑色的。对于“是”试验，与不提供颜色信息的警告信号相比，关于目标颜色的先验信息大大减少了搜索时间。这种搜索时间的减少在年轻的和老的数组中是相等的，无论是长（随机）和短（250-1000毫秒）的数组持续时间。这一结果表明，两个年龄段的人在将注意力集中在相关颜色的手指上的能力是一样的。在“否”试验中，先前的颜色信息在减少搜索时间方面没有效果。在实验二中有一些证据表明，年长的受试者在这些试验中使用了不同的搜索策略。
A deficit in focused attention has recently been suggested to underlie some of the cognitive decrements seen in the elderly. This hypothesis was tested in two visual search studies. Subjects had to decide whether or not a given target was present among an array of six digits, three of which were red, the rest black. For the “yes” trials, prior information regarding target color substantially reduced search time in comparison to warning signal that did not provide color information. This reduction in search time was equivalent in the young and the old, both at long(ad lib)and shorter (250–1000 msec) array durations. This result suggests that both age groups are equally proficient in focusing their attention on the digits of the relevant color. On the “no” trials, prior color-information was not effective in reducing search time. There was some evidence in experiment two that the older subjects were using a different search strategy on these trials.