Cognates of Old Chinese *-n, *-r, and *-j in Tibetan and Burmese

Cognates of Old Chinese *-n, *-r, and *-j in Tibetan and Burmese
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古汉语 *-n、*-r 和 *-j 在藏语和缅甸语中的同源词

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发表时间:
2014
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通讯作者:
N. Hill
N. Hill
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作者:
N. Hill

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根据Starostin(1989)的建议,巴克斯特和Sagart(2011)将 *-n,*-j和 *-r重建为古汉语中不同的韵母。这三个韵母在藏语和缅甸语中有一定的对应关系。跨喜马拉雅原始语言区分 *-n,*-j,*-r,*-l和 *-rl。缅甸语失去 *-r,通常失去 *-l,除了在-u-之后,它变成-y。藏语中 *-y丢失,*-rl变为-l。中文将 *-rl改为 *-r。由于缅甸语对 *aj(-ay)和 * j(> -i)有不同的反应,藏语和缅甸语中 * 和 *a的合并是独立的创新;这种合并并没有确认一个“藏缅语”亚群(contra Handel 2008)。这些对应关系需要进一步研究闽南语中的 *-r和汉传佛教中的印度语汉字转写的证据。
Following a suggestion of Starostin (1989), Baxter & Sagart (2011) reconstruct *-n, *-j, and *-r as distinct finals in Old Chinese. These three finals have regular correspondences in Tibetan and Burmese. The Trans-Himalayan proto-language distinguished *-n, *-j, *-r, *-l, and *-rl. Burmese loses *-r and generally loses *-l, except after -u-, where it changes to -y. Tibetan loses *-y and changes *-rl to -l. Chinese changes *-rl to *-r. Because Burmese shows different reflexes for *aj (-ay) and *əj (> -i), the merger of *ə and *a in Tibetan and Burmese are independent innovations; and this merger does not confirm a ‘Tibeto-Burman’ subgroup (contra Handel 2008). These correspondences require confirmation through further research on evidence of *-r in the Min dialects and Han dynasty Buddhist transcriptions from Indic languages in Chinese characters.