Explicitly permissive? Understanding actor interrelationships in the governance of economic development: The experience of England’s Local Enterprise Partnerships
Explicitly permissive? Understanding actor interrelationships in the governance of economic development: The experience of England’s Local Enterprise Partnerships
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明确的宽容？理解经济发展治理中的参与者之间的相互关系：英国地方企业伙伴关系的经验
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发表时间：
2013
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影响因子：
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通讯作者：
N. Headlam
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作者：
I. Deas;S. Hincks;N. Headlam
英格兰的地方企业伙伴关系旨在作为有机实体，其中由商业利益领导的地方行动者联盟将为自定义的空间单元确定与当地相关的政策。受地方主义思想的影响，以及将次国家经济发展政策制定扩展到地方州政府之外的愿望，中央政府设想地方治理安排和政策方法的不平衡将会增加。本文运用社会网络分析方法，对四个地方企业合作伙伴关系的经验进行了评估，试图将行动者关系和城市治理安排的比较系统化。本文认为，在地方精英行为者网络的可变形态和结构中，强调将地方政策行为者从中央政府控制中解放出来的话语，在多大程度上具有经验基础。报告认为，尽管地方企业合作伙伴关系在一个以宽松监管为特征的环境中运作，但地方自由裁量权与中央政府行使监管的政治必要性之间存在不协调。同样，地方企业伙伴关系样本中行动者互动网络的可变性表明，不对称的城市治理和竞争性地方主义是后区域地方经济发展的内在特征，反映了更广泛的国家空间政策框架，其中次国家机构形式的多样性被视为政策创新和活力的来源。
Local Enterprise Partnerships in England were intended as organic entities in which coalitions of local actors, led by business interests, would determine locally relevant policy for self-defined spatial units. Informed by ideas around localism and the desire to extend sub-national economic development policy making beyond the local state, central government envisaged an increased unevenness in local governance arrangements and policy approaches. The article assesses the experiences of four Local Enterprise Partnerships, employing social network analysis in an attempt to systematise the comparison of actor relationships and urban governance arrangements. The article considers the degree to which the discursive emphasis on liberating local policy actors from central government control has any empirical basis in the variable shape and structure of local elite actor networks. It argues that although Local Enterprise Partnerships operate within an environment characterised by lighter touch regulation, there is a dissonance between local discretion and the political imperative for central government to exercise oversight. Equally, variability in the web of actor interactions across the sample of Local Enterprise Partnerships suggests that asymmetrical urban governance and competitive localism are intrinsic features of post-regional local economic development, reflecting a wider national framework for spatial policy in which diversity in sub-national institutional form is viewed as a source of policy innovation and dynamism.