Sex differences in rhesus monkey toy preferences parallel those of children
Sex differences in rhesus monkey toy preferences parallel those of children
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DOI：
10.1016/j.yhbeh.2008.03.008
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发表时间：
2008-08-01
影响因子：
3.5
通讯作者：
Wallen, Kim
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Hassett, Janice M.;Siebert, Erin R.;Wallen, Kim
儿童玩具偏好的性别差异很明显，男孩比女孩表现出更强、更严格的玩具偏好，女孩的偏好更灵活。社会化过程、父母或同龄人鼓励玩特定性别的玩具被认为是影响玩具偏好性别差异的主要力量。一个对比是，玩具偏好反映了生物决定的对特定玩具促进的特定活动的偏好。青少年活动中的性别差异，例如打闹游戏、同伴偏好和婴儿兴趣，在人类和猴子中具有相似之处。因此，如果活动偏好影响了玩具偏好，那么雄性和雌性猴子可能会表现出与男孩和女孩相似的玩具偏好。我们比较了生活在 135 只猴群中的 34 只恒河猴与人类轮式玩具和毛绒玩具的互动。雄性猴子和男孩一样，对轮式玩具表现出一致和强烈的偏好，而雌性猴子和女孩一样，表现出更大的偏好差异。因此，男性和女性对带轮玩具的偏好程度与对毛绒玩具的偏好程度存在显着差异。与人类研究结果的相似性表明，这种偏好可以在没有明确性别社会化的情况下发展。我们提出这样的假设：玩具偏好反映了受荷尔蒙影响的行为和认知偏差，这些偏差是由社会过程塑造成猴子和人类的性别差异的。 (C) 2008 Elsevier Inc. 保留所有权利。
Sex differences in toy preferences in children are marked, with boys expressing stronger and more rigid toy preferences than girls, whose preferences are more flexible. Socialization processes, parents, or peers encouraging play with gender-specific toys are thought to be the primary force shaping sex differences in toy preference. A contrast in view is that toy preferences reflect biologically-determined preferences for specific activities facilitated by specific toys. Sex differences in juvenile activities, such as rough-and-tumble play, peer preferences, and infant interest, share similarities in humans and monkeys. Thus if activity preferences shape toy preferences, male and female monkeys may show toy preferences similar to those seen in boys and girls. We compared the interactions of 34 rhesus monkeys, living within a 135 monkey troop, with human wheeled toys and plush toys. Male monkeys, like boys, showed consistent and strong preferences for wheeled toys, while female monkeys, like girls, showed greater variability in preferences. Thus, the magnitude of preference for wheeled over plush toys differed significantly between males and females, The similarities to human findings demonstrate that such preferences can develop without explicit gendered socialization. We offer the hypothesis that toy preferences reflect hormonally influenced behavioral and cognitive biases which are sculpted by social processes into the sex differences seen in monkeys and humans. (C) 2008 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.