Health and health care of rural populations in the UK: is it better or worse?
Health and health care of rural populations in the UK: is it better or worse?
复制标题
英国农村人口的健康和医疗保健：是更好还是更差？
DOI：
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发表时间：
1994
影响因子：
6.3
通讯作者：
Trevor A Sheldon
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
Ian Watt;Antony J. Franks;Trevor A Sheldon
目的--回顾英国农村卫生保健所面临问题的现有证据。特别是要确定农村人口的健康是否比城市居民差，以及农村状况如何影响保健质量。纳入和排除条款的标准-使用了各种出版物和数据来源。使用了许多不同专业（例如医学、医疗保健管理）的计算机化数据库来识别相关的已发表文章。此外，报告，审查和调查机构制作的地方流通确定接近学术，服务，和志愿机构认为可能有兴趣在农村卫生。虽然这种“灰色”文献不受同行审查，但相对缺乏相关的英国出版物，使其成为一个有用的数据来源，用于说明目的。同样，当缺乏英国数据时，使用了基于其他发达国家农村健康的已发表文章。结论--虽然关于英国农村人口的健康和医疗保健的证据是有启发性的，但它是非常普遍的，需要进一步的研究。城市的健康水平似乎普遍比农村地区差，但矛盾确实存在。关于护理质量的证据表明，获得服务的机会是一个核心问题，农村人口获得服务的机会比其他人少。在农村人口中，并非所有人都处于这种不利地位-对某些群体的影响大于其他群体。此外，NHS似乎没有一个一致的政策，关于农村是否应该影响资源分配，以及如何将其纳入。
OBJECTIVE--To review available evidence on the problems facing rural health care in the UK. In particular, to determine whether the health of rural populations is worse than that of town dwellers and how the quality of health care is influenced by rurality. CRITERIA FOR INCLUSION AND EXCLUSION OF ARTICLES--A wide variety of publications and data sources were used. A number of computerised databases with different specialisations (for example medical, health care management) were used to identify relevant published articles. In addition, reports, reviews, and surveys produced by agencies for local circulation were identified by approaching academic, service, and voluntary bodies thought likely to have an interest in rural health. Although this "grey" literature is not subject to peer review, the relative lack of relevant UK publications made it a useful data source for illustrative purposes. Similarly, published articles based on rural health in other developed countries were used when UK data were lacking. CONCLUSIONS--Although the evidence concerning the health and health care of the UK rural populations is suggestive, it is very general and further research is needed. Levels of urban health seem to be generally worse than in rural areas, but contradictions do exist. The evidence on quality of care suggests that service accessibility is a central problem, and rural populations have poorer access than others. Within rural populations, such disadvantage is not uniformly experienced--it affects some groups more than others. In addition, the NHS does not seem to have a consistent policy about whether rurality should influence resource allocation, and how it should be incorporated.