A brief review of nucleosome structure.
A brief review of nucleosome structure.
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DOI：
10.1016/j.febslet.2015.05.016
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发表时间：
2015-10-07
期刊：
影响因子：
3.5
通讯作者：
Hayes JJ
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Cutter AR;Hayes JJ
染色质的核小体亚基组织提供多种功能。核小体引发基因组 DNA 的初始约 7 倍线性压缩。它们通过限制反式作用因子与同源 DNA 序列的结合，为稳定抑制基因和其他 DNA 依赖性活动提供了关键机制。相反，它们被设计成近乎亚稳定，并且可以轻松地拆卸（和重新组装），以便在转录、复制和 DNA 修复等过程中快速访问底层 DNA。核小体保护基因组免受 DNA 损伤剂的侵害，并提供了一个晶格，无数的表观遗传信号沉积在其上。此外，大量的核小体串为染色质纤维和高阶染色质结构的组装提供了框架。因此，为了为理解这些功能提供基础，我们回顾了核小体结构和稳定性的基本要素，包括连接组蛋白的关联。
The nucleosomal subunit organization of chromatin provides a multitude of functions. Nucleosomes elicit an initial ~7-fold linear compaction of genomic DNA. They provide a critical mechanism for stable repression of genes and other DNA-dependent activities by restricting binding of trans-acting factors to cognate DNA sequences. Conversely they are engineered to be nearly meta-stable and disassembled (and reassembled) in a facile manner to allow rapid access to the underlying DNA during processes such as transcription, replication and DNA repair. Nucleosomes protect the genome from DNA damaging agents and provide a lattice onto which a myriad of epigenetic signals are deposited. Moreover, vast strings of nucleosomes provide a framework for assembly of the chromatin fiber and higher-order chromatin structures. Thus, in order to provide a foundation for understanding these functions, we present a review of the basic elements of nucleosome structure and stability, including the association of linker histones.