In the wake of Aum: The formation and transformation of a universe of belief
In the wake of Aum: The formation and transformation of a universe of belief
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奥姆真理教之后：信仰世界的形成和转变
DOI：
10.18874/jjrs.22.3-4.1995.381-415
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发表时间：
1995
影响因子：
0.4
通讯作者：
S. Shimazono
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
S. Shimazono
本文的目的是将奥姆真理教视为一种宗教，并阐明其信仰领域的定义特征。麻原彰晃是新新宗之一Agonshu的成员，在1984年成立自己的宗教团体之前，他花了几年时间努力实践这一信仰。他强调强烈的禁欲实践，以达到sfedatsu（解放）和教导一个世界放弃启蒙。这种倾向于内省的信仰，广泛地见于新新宗，在奥姆真理教中尤其引人注目。该组织与周围的社会发生冲突，因为它推动迅速增加其放弃世界的成员数量，采取了与以前的新教徒共同的旨在动员群众的传教风格。奥姆真理教没有试图和平解决紧张局势，而是采取了一种侵略性的立场，特别是在1989年之后，它的孤立加深，并走向暴力内向。虽然其破坏性的暴力性质直到1994年才变得明显，但这种暴力的根源从该集团成立之初就已经存在。奥姆真理教的信仰世界中存在着引发暴力的因素，如把人看作是一堆可以操纵的数据，把暴力看作是一种手段，把现实看作是一种幻觉，对佛教的扭曲理解，以及强烈的领袖崇拜。
The purpose of this article is to consider Aum Smnrikyd as a religion, and to clarify the defining characteristics of its universe of belief. Asahara Shoko was a member of Agonshu, one of the New New Religions, and spent several years diligently practicing that faith before founding his own religious group in 1984. He emphasized intense ascetic practices for the acmevement of sfedatsu (emancipation) and the teachinoof a worldrenouncing enlightenment. The tendency towards an introspective faith, seen broadly in the New New Religions, is especially striking in Aum Smnrikyd. The group fell into conflict with the surrounding society because of its push to rapidly increase the number of its world-renouncing members, adopting a style of proselytization common to previous New Religions aimed at mass mobilization. Rather than trying to resolve the tensions peacefully, Aum adopted an aggressive position, and especially after 1989 its isolation deepened and headed towards violent introversion. Although its destructive violent nature only became evident in 1994,the roots of that violence were already present from the group’s beginning. Elements that invite an eruption of violence, such as a conception of the human person as a mass of data that can be manipulated, a distorted understanding of Buddhism as justijying violence as a means and per ceiving reality as an illusion, and an intense leader worship, were all pre sent in Aum,s universe of belief.