Rare earth element-bearing coals from the Russian Far East deposits
Rare earth element-bearing coals from the Russian Far East deposits
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DOI：
10.1016/0166-5162(95)00039-9
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发表时间：
1996-06
影响因子：
5.6
通讯作者：
V. V. Seredin-V.
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
V. V. Seredin-V.
在俄罗斯远东的一些矿床中检测到厚度达 10 m 且稀土元素 (REE) 浓度较高 (300–1000 ppm) 的煤层。本文报告了来自多个矿床的煤炭的稀土元素成分。含稀土煤分为三种地球化学类型。对煤层稀土元素分布的研究、重力分数的检查和 SEM-EDX 研究表明，富集煤层中的稀土元素主要以吸附形式（有机质和粘土颗粒）和细粒自生矿物的形式存在。稀土煤形成于：（1）盆地内风化壳广泛分布的侵蚀构造洼地； (2)火山构造地堑，其中煤炭聚集与双峰式火山活动同时发生。在前一种情况下，稀土元素被认为起源于边境地区；在第二种情况下，来自亚碱性岩浆室。由于含有矿化稀土元素的水进入盆地，有机物质中的稀土元素积累主要发生在泥炭阶段。燃烧废物的高稀土含量（高达 1.0% 甚至更高）、低轻稀土/重稀土比率以及可观的估计资源——所有这些都使俄罗斯远东地区的含稀土煤炭成为非常有前景的新矿产资源，可作为副产品钇和重镧系元素。
Coal seams up to 10 m in thickness with high rare earth element (REE) concentrations (300–1000 ppm) were detected in some of the Russian Far East deposits. This paper reports on the REE composition of the coals from a number of deposits. The REE-bearing coals are subdivided into three geochemical types. Studies of REE distributions across the coal seams, examination of gravitation fractions and SEM-EDX studies have revealed that the enriched coals seams contain REE mainly as sorbed forms (by organic matter and clay particles) and fine-grained authigenic minerals. The REE coals formed in: (1) erosion-tectonic depressions with wide-spread weathering crusts in their basins; and (2) volcano-tectonic grabens in which coal accumulation occurred simultaneously with bimodal volcanism. In the former case, REE are thought to originate from the borderland; in the second case, from chambers of subalkaline magma. The REE accumulation in the organic material occurred mostly during the peat stage, due to mineralized REE-bearing water coming to the basins. The high REE contents (up to 1.0% and even more) of the combustion wastes, their low LREE/HREE ratios and the considerable estimated resources — all place the REE-bearing coals of the Russian Far East among new and very promising mineral resources for Y and heavy lanthanoids as by-products.