The curse of knowledge: First language knowledge impairs adult learners' use of novel statistics for word segmentation
The curse of knowledge: First language knowledge impairs adult learners' use of novel statistics for word segmentation
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DOI：
10.1016/j.cognition.2008.04.002
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发表时间：
2008-08-01
期刊：
影响因子：
3.4
通讯作者：
Kam, Carla L. Hudson
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Finn, Amy S.;Kam, Carla L. Hudson
我们调查了成年学习者对第一语言中单词形式的语音定位限制的知识是否会影响他们使用统计信息在新语言中分割单词的能力。成年人被暴露在一个语音流英语音位和音素共现信息冲突。还运行了这些不冲突的对照。参与者在由新的统计数据定义的单词和在英语中可能的音位学单词之间进行选择，但音素偶然性要低得多。对照参与者选择了由统计数据定义的单词，而实验参与者则没有。这一结果随着暴露量的增加而保持不变，并且当在暴露前告诉参与者一个词来帮助分割时。这不是参与者只是喜欢英语发音的单词，然而，当刺激包含非常短的停顿时，参与者能够学习新的单词，尽管他们违反了英语语音。研究结果表明，先前的语言知识可以干扰学习者的能力，段的话，从运行语音使用纯粹的统计线索在初始曝光。(c)2008 Elsevier B.V.保留所有权利。
We investigated whether adult learners' knowledge of phonotactic restrictions on word forms from their first language impacts their ability to use statistical information to segment words in a novel language. Adults were exposed to a speech stream where English phonotactics and phoneme co-occurrence information conflicted. A control where these did not conflict was also run. Participants chose between words defined by novel statistics and words that are phonotactically possible in English, but had much lower phoneme contingencies. Control participants selected words defined by statistics while experimental participants did not. This result held up with increases in exposure and when segmentation was aided by telling participants a word prior to exposure. It was not the case that participants simply preferred English-sounding words, however, when the stimuli contained very short pauses, participants were able to learn the novel words despite the fact that they violated English phonotactics. Results suggest that prior linguistic knowledge can interfere with learners' abilities to segment words from running speech using purely statistical cues at initial exposure. (c) 2008 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.