Mechanisms of stimulation of the immune response by aluminum adjuvants
Mechanisms of stimulation of the immune response by aluminum adjuvants
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DOI：
10.1016/s0264-410x(02)00169-x
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发表时间：
2002-05-31
期刊：
影响因子：
5.5
通讯作者：
HogenEsch, H
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
HogenEsch, H
铝佐剂是广泛使用的人用和兽用疫苗。它们是用于通过诱导抗体经由诱导2型免疫应答而赋予保护的疫苗的适当佐剂，但它们不诱导细胞毒性T细胞和细胞介导的免疫。铝佐剂选择性增强免疫应答的机制知之甚少。在体外和体内暴露于间质液后，大多数抗原从铝佐剂中快速解吸，表明抗原从贮库中的持续释放对铝化合物的佐剂作用没有显著贡献。然而，抗原吸附在铝盐上可能导致注射部位局部高浓度的抗原，并增强抗原呈递细胞的摄取。铝化合物可通过直接或间接刺激树突状细胞、激活补体和诱导趋化因子的释放来进一步增强免疫应答。这些机制的相对重要性仍有待确定。(C)2002爱思唯尔科技有限公司版权所有。
Aluminum adjuvants are widely used inhuman and veterinary vaccines. They are appropriate adjuvants for vaccines that confer protection by inducing antibodies via the induction of a type 2 immune response, but they do not induce cytotoxic T cell and cell-mediated immunity. The mechanisms by which aluminum adjuvants selectively enhance the immune response are poorly understood. Following exposure to interstitial fluid in vitro and in vivo, most antigens are rapidly desorbed from aluminum adjuvants, suggesting that sustained release of antigen from a depot does not significantly contribute to the adjuvant effect of aluminum compounds. However, theadsorption of antigens onto aluminum salts may result in a high local concentration of antigen at the injection site and enhance die uptake by antigen-presenting cells. Aluminium compounds can further enhance the immune response by direct or indirect stimulation of dendritic cells, activation of complement and by inducing the release of chemokines. The relative importance of these mechanisms remains to be determined. (C) 2002 Elsevier Science Ltd. All rights reserved.