The state of framework development for implementing reasoning mechanisms in smart cyber-physical systems: A literature review
The state of framework development for implementing reasoning mechanisms in smart cyber-physical systems: A literature review
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DOI：
10.1016/j.jcde.2019.04.002
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发表时间：
2019-04
期刊：
影响因子：
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通讯作者：
Sirasak Tepjit;I. Horváth;Z. Rusák
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文献类型：
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作者：
Sirasak Tepjit;I. Horváth;Z. Rusák
智能cps （s - cps）已经超越了传统的cps定义。我们的研究目的是探讨s - cps推理过程的概念和实现，更具体地说，是为其推理机制的模糊前端提出的框架。本文的目标是：(i)分析CPS的框架概念和实现，（ii）从处理的知识、构建意识、推理机制、决策和适应的角度回顾有关系统级推理及其促成因素的文献。研究发现：(i)意识和适应行为被认为是s - cps的系统级智能，这是传统设计方法无法实现的；（ii）基于模型和可组合性的方法不足以支持s - cps推理机制的发展；（iii） S-CPS的推理发展框架应支持组合设计。基于上述结论，我们认为应对组合性的挑战既需要软件级集成，也需要通过语义转换实现知识的整体融合。这就需要一个能够捕获至少概念、功能、架构、信息、互操作和行为方面的多角度框架。如果一个可组合性框架应该以元框架（抽象）的形式出现，还是以语义集成框架（具体）的形式出现，这需要进一步的研究。cps的聪明是一种整体的、协同的行为特征。复杂的心理表征是构成性的。组合性对于智能cps来说是必要的。没有一个严格的统一框架，设计综合推理仍然是特别的。
Smart CPSs (S-CPSs) have been evolving beyond what was identified by the traditional definitions of CPSs. The objective of our research is to investigate the concepts and implementations of reasoning processes for S-CPSs, and more specifically, the frameworks proposed for the fuzzy front end of their reasoning mechanisms. The objectives of the paper are: (i) to analyze the framework concepts and implementations of CPS, (ii) to review the literature concerning system-level reasoning and its enablers from the points of view of the processed knowledge, building awareness, reasoning mechanisms, decision making, and adaptation. Our findings are: (i) awareness and adaptation behaviors are considered as system-level smartness of S-CPSs that are not achieved by traditional design approaches; (ii) model-based and composability approaches insufficiently support the development of reasoning mechanisms for S-CPSs; (iii) frameworks for development of reasoning in S-CPS should support compositional design. Based on the conclusions above, we argue that coping with the challenges of compositionality requires both software-level integration and holistic fusion of knowledge by means of semantic transformations. This entails the need for a multi aspect framework that is able to capture at least conceptual, functional, architectural, informational, interoperation, and behavioral aspects. It needs further investigation if a compositionality enabling framework should appear in the form of a meta-framework (abstract) or in the form of a semantically integrated (concrete) framework.HighlightsSmartness in CPSs is a holistic and synergistic behavioral characteristic.Complex mental representations are compositional.Compositionality is necessary for smart CPSs.Without a rigorous unifying framework, designing synthesis reasoning remainsad hoc.