Data-driven and memory-driven selective attention in visual search.
Data-driven and memory-driven selective attention in visual search.
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视觉搜索中数据驱动和记忆驱动的选择性注意。
DOI：
10.1093/geronj/39.1.72
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发表时间：
1984
期刊：
影响因子：
--
通讯作者：
Madden,DJ
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
Madden,DJ
本实验研究了rabbons（1979）的假设，即当必须采用记忆驱动的加工时，选择性注意会出现年龄差异。年轻人和老年人执行视觉搜索任务，在一些试验中，该任务提供了有关最有可能出现在显示中的特定目标字母的预先信息（提示）。线索所要求的选择性的性质要么是数据驱动的（条件1），要么是记忆驱动的（条件2）。对与线索试验相关的搜索性能的好处和由于误导性预先信息的呈现而导致的性能成本的分析，对rabbard的假设提供了有限的支持。老年人，但不是年轻人，在条件2比条件1表现出更小的线索效益。然而，这两个年龄组在每种情况下都表现出了巨大的利益和成本。因此，选择性注意的年龄差异并不完全取决于使用记忆驱动处理的要求。
The present experiment investigated rabbitt's (1979) hypothesis that age differences in selective attention occur when memory-driven processing must be employed. Young and older adults performed a visual search task, which, on some trials, provided advance information (a cue) regarding the particular target letter most likely to appear in the display. The nature of the selectivity required by the cue was either data-driven (condition 1) or memory-driven (condition 2). Analyses of the benefit in search performance associated with the cued trials and of the cost in performance resulting from the presentation of misleading advance information yielded limited support for rabbitt's hypothesis. The older adults, but not the young, did exhibit a smaller cuing benefit in condition 2 than in condition 1. Both age groups, however, demonstrated substantial benefits and costs within each condition. Age differences in selective attention are thus not determined completely by the requirement to use memory-driven processing.