The demise of short-term memory revisited: Empirical and computational investigations of recency effects
The demise of short-term memory revisited: Empirical and computational investigations of recency effects
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DOI：
10.1037/0033-295x.112.1.3
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发表时间：
2005-01-01
影响因子：
5.4
通讯作者：
Usher, M
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Davelaar, EJ;Goshen-Gottstein, Y;Usher, M
在记忆的单一存储模型中，自由回忆任务中对最后一个项目的增强回忆（即近因效应）被理解为反映了记忆的一般属性，而不是单独的短期存储。这种解释得到了在消除短期储存贡献的条件下的长期近因效应的发现的支持。本文回顾了近期效应在短期和长期中具有不同性质的证据，并提出需要两个记忆成分来解释近期效应：具有变化的情景上下文系统和驱动项目-上下文关联编码的基于激活的短期记忆缓冲。基于这两个组成部分的神经计算模型被证明可以解释先前观察到的分离，并做出新的预测，这些预测在一系列实验中得到证实。
In the single-store model of memory, the enhanced recall for the last items in a free-recall task (i.e., the recency effect) is understood to reflect a general property of memory rather than a separate short-term store. This interpretation is supported by the finding of a long-term recency effect under conditions that eliminate the contribution from the short-term store. In this article, evidence is reviewed showing that recency effects in the short and long terms have different properties, and it is suggested that 2 memory components are needed to account for the recency effects: an episodic contextual system with changing context and an activation-based short-term memory buffer that drives the encoding of item-context associations. A neurocomputational model based on these 2 components is shown to account for previously observed dissociations and to make novel predictions, which are confirmed in a set of experiments.