A Natural Pentaploid Strawberry Genotype from the Changbai Mountains in Northeast China
A Natural Pentaploid Strawberry Genotype from the Changbai Mountains in Northeast China
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DOI：
10.21273/hortsci.40.5.1194
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发表时间：
2005-08
期刊：
影响因子：
1.9
通讯作者：
L. Jiajun;L. Yuhua;Du Guodong;D. Hanping;D. Mingqin
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
L. Jiajun;L. Yuhua;Du Guodong;D. Hanping;D. Mingqin
天然草莓基因型“吉林4号”采自中国东北吉林省公主岭地区长白山地区。通过计算根尖细胞的染色体，将其鉴定为五倍体（2n = 5x = 35）。天然五倍体草莓尚未报道原产于中国或美国加利福尼亚州以外的地区。吉林4号是普通花园中所有15个野生草莓品种和60多个草莓栽培品种的代表中最活跃的基因型。其花和花药的大小与栽培品种相似，并且产生丰富的匍匐茎。花粉是有活力的，但雌蕊是不育的。它似乎耐旱、耐寒，但表现出局部病毒感染的症状。本报告讨论了吉林四号的三种可能来源。已知的草莓属约20种，其中11种分布于中国，其中二倍体草莓属8种——F. daltoniana J. Gay、F. vesca L.、F. gracilis A. Los.、F. mandschurica Staudt、F. nilgerrensis Schlect.、F. nubicola Lindl.、F. pentaphylla Lozinsk 和 F. viridis Duch. — 以及 3 个四倍体物种 — F. co rymbosa Lozinsk.、F. moupinensis (French.) Card. 和 F. orientalis Lozinsk (Lei 等人，1999 年和 2001 年；Staudt，1999 年)。我们自1980年起在全国各地采集野草莓，迄今已获得10个品种120余株。在最近对来自吉林、内蒙古和黑龙江省的 15 个东方竹基因型进行的未发表的调查中，我们发现 10 个为二倍体（2n = 14），4 个为四倍体（2n = 28），1 个为五倍体（2n = 35）。该五倍体被命名为“吉林4号”，于1989年在中国东北吉林省公主岭地区附近的长白山森林边缘采集。在此，我们描述了这种五倍体基因型并推测其起源。
A natural strawberry genotype, 'Jilin 4', was collected from the Changbai Moun- tains located in Gongzhuling Region, Jilin Province, Northeast China. It was identifi ed as a pentaploid (2n = 5x = 35) by counting the chromosomes of the root-tip cells. Natural pentaploid strawberries have not been reported as originating in China or outside of California in the U.S. Jilin 4 was the most vigorous genotype among representatives of all 15 wild species of Fragaria and more than 60 cultivars of F. ×ananassa in a common garden. The size of its fl owers and anthers were similar to those of cultivars and it pro- duced abundant runners. The pollen was viable, but the pistils were sterile. It appeared to be drought and cold tolerant, but showed symptoms of local virus infection. There are three possible origins of Jilin 4, which are discussed in this report. Of about 20 recognized Fragaria species, 11 are distributed in China, including 8 diploid species—F. daltoniana J. Gay, F. vesca L., F. gracilis A. Los., F. mandschurica Staudt, F. nilgerrensis Schlect., F. nubicola Lindl., F. pentaphylla Lozinsk, and F. vi ridis Duch.—and 3 tetraploid species—F. co rymbosa Lozinsk., F. moupinensis (French.) Card., and F. orientalis Lozinsk (Lei et al., 1999 and 2001; Staudt, 1999). We have collected wild strawberries throughout China since 1980, and to date, have obtained more than 120 individuals of 10 species. In a recent unpublished survey of 15 F. orientalis genotypes from the Provinces of Jilin, Inner Mongolia and Heilongjiang, we found that 10 were diploids (2n = 14), 4 were tetraploids (2n = 28) and 1 was a pentaploid (2n = 35). The pentaploid, designated 'Jilin 4', was collected in 1989 from the forest border of Changbai Mountains near the Gongzhul- ing Region in the Jilin Province, northeastern China. Herein, we describe this pentaploid genotype and speculate on its origins.