Leonardo da Vinci, visual perspective and the crystalline sphere (lens): if only Leonardo had had a freezer.
Leonardo da Vinci, visual perspective and the crystalline sphere (lens): if only Leonardo had had a freezer.
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列奥纳多·达·芬奇，视觉透视和水晶球（镜头）：如果列奥纳多有一个冰箱就好了。
DOI：
10.1016/j.ajo.2004.12.103
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发表时间：
2004
期刊：
影响因子：
--
通讯作者：
Rumy Hilloowala
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
Rumy Hilloowala
这项研究证实了莱昂纳多的说法，即已经在牛眼上进行了实验，以确定眼睛的内部解剖结构。正如列奥纳多所描述的那样，这个实验在我们的实验室里重复进行了。这项研究进一步讨论了莱昂纳多对眼睛(特别是镜头)的研究的主要兴趣，以确定以倒置形式进入眼睛的物体的图像是如何矫正的。这项研究展示了列奥纳多对解剖学和视觉生理学的理解的演变。最初，为了与他对文学作品的阅读保持一致，镜头放在了中间，但他把它变成了球状。后来，他提出了两种理论，葡萄膜反射和晶状体内折射，以解释眼睛中图像的反转。随后，他拒绝了第一个理论，并对第二个理论进行了实验(1509年)，证明透镜是球状的，并位于中心位置。事实上，目前关于这种透镜的知识与他的发现不同，并不是因为他没有像一些现代作者所说的那样进行实验，而是因为他当时可以使用的技术的局限性。
This study confirms Leonardo's claim to have experimented on the bovine eye to determine the internal anatomy of the eye. The experiment, as described by Leonardo, was repeated in our laboratory. The study further discusses Leonardo's primary interest in the study of the eye (especially the lens), to determine how the image of an object which enters the eye in an inverted form is righted. The study shows the evolution of Leonardo's understanding of the anatomy and the physiology of vision. Initially, in keeping with his reading of the literature, the lens was placed in the centre but he made it globular. Later he promulgated two theories, reflection from the uvea and refraction within the lens to explain reversal of the image in the eye. Subsequently he rejected the first theory and, putting credence in the second theory, experimented (1509) to show that the lens is globular and is centrally placed. The fact that the present knowledge about the lens is at variance from his findings is not because he did not carry out the experiment, as suggested by some modern authors, but because of the limitation of the techniques available to him at the time.