Effects of drought stress and nutrient availability on dry matter allocation, phenolic glycosides, and rapid induced resistance of poplar to two lymantriid defoliators
Effects of drought stress and nutrient availability on dry matter allocation, phenolic glycosides, and rapid induced resistance of poplar to two lymantriid defoliators
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DOI：
10.1007/s10886-005-7616-8
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发表时间：
2005-11-01
影响因子：
2.3
通讯作者：
Arnold, D
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Hale, BK;Herms, DA;Arnold, D
生长-分化平衡假说（GDBH）假设资源可用性的变化可以增加或减少分配给次级代谢，这取决于生长相对于碳同化的影响程度。随着养分有效性的提高，黑杨树的生长和叶面积显著增加，而净同化速率和光合作用受影响较小。总酚苷浓度下降，这与GDBH一致。干旱胁迫降低了净同化速率、光合作用和生长，增加了总酚苷浓度。这种模式不符合GDBH， GDBH预测当资源限制降低生长和碳同化时，次级代谢会降低。然而，生长与总酚苷浓度之间存在很强的负相关，这与初级和次级代谢之间的权衡一致，这是GDBH的关键前提。干旱对舞毒蛾（Lymantria dispar）幼虫的生长有抑制作用，但对白纹柞蚕（Orgyia leucostigma）的生长无影响。提高养分利用率对白纹柞蚕的生长有正线性影响，对舞毒蛾的生长无影响。处理对舞毒蛾的影响与对总酚苷的影响密切相关，而对白纹柞蚕的影响则与营养品质的变化密切相关。局部舞毒蛾取食可引起舞毒蛾快速诱导抗性，且不受水分和养分有效性的影响，但对白纹柞蚕无明显影响，说明生物和非生物胁迫对树木抗虫性的影响可能具有种特异性。
The growth-differentiation balance hypothesis (GDBH) postulates that variation in resource availability can increase or decrease allocation to secondary metabolism, depending on how growth is affected relative to carbon assimilation. Growth and leaf area of black poplar (Populus nigra) increased substantially in response to increased nutrient availability, while net assimilation rate and photosynthesis were less strongly affected. In response, total phenolic glycoside concentrations declined, which is consistent with GDBH. Drought stress decreased net assimilation rate and photosynthesis as well as growth, while increasing total phenolic glycoside concentrations. This pattern does not follow GDBH, which predicts lower secondary metabolism when resource limitation decreases both growth and carbon assimilation. However, there was a strong negative correlation between growth and total phenolic glycoside concentration consistent with a trade-off between primary and secondary metabolism, a key premise of GDBH. Drought decreased the growth of gypsy moth (Lymantria dispar) larvae but had no effect on whitemarked tussock moth (Orgyia leucostigma). Increased nutrient availability had a positive linear effect on growth of whitemarked tussock moth, but no effect on gypsy moth. Treatment effects on gypsy moth corresponded closely with effects on total phenolic glycosides, whereas effects on whitemarked tussock moth more closely tracked changes in nutritional quality. Localized gypsy moth herbivory elicited rapid induced resistance to gypsy moth, with the effect being independent of water and nutrient availability, but did not affect whitemarked tussock moth, indicating that the effects of biotic and abiotic stress on insect resistance of trees can be species-specific.