Walking together: behavioural signatures of psychological crowds.
Walking together: behavioural signatures of psychological crowds.
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DOI：
10.1098/rsos.180172
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发表时间：
2018-07
影响因子：
3.5
通讯作者：
Philippides A
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Templeton A;Drury J;Philippides A
群体心理学的研究已经证明了物理群体的行为与心理群体的集体行为之间的关键差异，其中物理群体的成员在同一时间在同一地点，而心理群体的集体行为则是整个群体通过共同的社会身份将自己视为同一群体的一部分。到目前为止，还没有研究调查行为的影响，共同的社会身份对人群运动在行人的水平。为了研究社会身份对人群运动的影响方向和程度，研究人员跟踪了280条轨迹，参与者在两种情况下行走：（1）心理上的人群分享社会身份;（2）自然发生的物理人群。行为进行了比较内和之间的条件。与物理群体相比，心理群体的成员（i）走得更慢，（ii）走得更远，（iii）保持更接近。此外，行人谁不得不操纵周围的心理人群表现不同的行人谁不得不操纵过去的自然发生的人群。我们的结论是，在考虑事件安全管理和计算机模型的人群行为时，必须考虑到人群的生理和心理之间的行为差异。
Research in crowd psychology has demonstrated key differences between the behaviour of physical crowds where members are in the same place at the same time, and the collective behaviour of psychological crowds where the entire crowd perceive themselves to be part of the same group through a shared social identity. As yet, no research has investigated the behavioural effects that a shared social identity has on crowd movement at a pedestrian level. To investigate the direction and extent to which social identity influences the movement of crowds, 280 trajectories were tracked as participants walked in one of two conditions: (1) a psychological crowd primed to share a social identity; (2) a naturally occurring physical crowd. Behaviour was compared both within and between the conditions. In comparison to the physical crowd, members of the psychological crowd (i) walked slower, (ii) walked further, and (iii) maintained closer proximity. In addition, pedestrians who had to manoeuvre around the psychological crowd behaved differently to pedestrians who had to manoeuvre past the naturally occurring crowd. We conclude that the behavioural differences between physical and psychological crowds must be taken into account when considering crowd behaviour in event safety management and computer models of crowds.