Biological and Bioinspired Composites with Spatially Tunable Heterogeneous Architectures
Biological and Bioinspired Composites with Spatially Tunable Heterogeneous Architectures
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DOI：
10.1002/adfm.201300340
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发表时间：
2013-09-25
影响因子：
19
通讯作者：
Studart, Andre R.
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Studart, Andre R.
合成结构部件的设计和制造通常导致具有均匀微观结构和性能的均匀材料。相比之下，自然界已经进化出了结构复合材料，表现出丰富的异质结构和可调的特定地点特性。创建具有生物材料的异质性的合成系统应该能够制造在严格的机械要求下具有延长的耐久性或具有足够的性能的复合材料，例如，使用更有限的生物可吸收或环境友好的基本构建块的选择。在这里，牙齿和肌腱-骨界面的异质结构被重新审视，以确定设计策略，这些设计策略已被自然选择，以最好地应对通常在这种承载结构中发现的非均匀应力分布。最近试图复制这些策略中的一些人造材料也显示出各种不寻常的属性，可以通过拟议的生物启发的方法来实现。最后，创建异构体系结构与局部微观结构和性能故意调整，以匹配非均匀的负载条件，建议作为一个新的途径，对材料系统的发展与前所未有的功能和耐久性在机械挑战性的应用。
The design and fabrication of synthetic structural components often result in homogeneous materials with uniform microstructures and properties. In contrast, nature has evolved structural composites exhibiting rich heterogeneous architectures and tunable site-specific properties. Creating synthetic systems with the heterogeneous nature of biological materials should enable the fabrication of composites with extended durability under severe mechanical demands or with adequate properties using, for example, a more restricted selection of bioresorbable or environmental-friendly basic building blocks. Here, the heterogeneous structures of the tooth and of the tendon-bone interface are revisited to identify design strategies that have been naturally selected to best respond to the non-uniform stresses distributions typically found in such load-bearing structures. Recent attempts to replicate some of these strategies in man-made materials are also shown to illustrate the variety of unusual properties that can be achieved through the proposed bioinspired approach. Finally, the creation of heterogeneous architectures with local microstructure and properties deliberately tuned to match non-uniform loading conditions is suggested as a new pathway towards the development of material systems with unprecedented functionalities and durability in mechanically challenging applications.