SEA MUST LEARN HOW POLICY MAKING WORKS
SEA MUST LEARN HOW POLICY MAKING WORKS
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SEA 必须了解政策制定的运作方式
DOI：
10.1142/s146433320100073x
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发表时间：
2001
影响因子：
--
通讯作者：
Lex Brown
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
T. Nitz;Lex Brown
战略环境评价(SEA)的概念近年来发展迅速，并得到环境评价(EA)实践者的广泛推广。SEA一直是相当大的对话的焦点，日益受到监管机构的关注，并出现了应用的证据。本文试图通过关注政策制定过程本身，以及在这些现有的政策制定活动中塑造SEA程序的必要性，促进在政策制定中采用SEA的潜力。我们认为，除非EA从业者对政策制定过程有更多的认识，否则不太可能广泛采用SEA概念。到目前为止，太多关于海洋的文献都是孤立的--EA从业者之间相互交流。如果海洋政策要实现其承诺，有关海洋开发的对话必须在环境影响评估的支持者和政策制定者/理论家之间进行。为了使SEA政策有效，SEA必须影响决策过程中固有的决策。我们提供了一个简化的政策制定模型，并证明了SEA在政策制定和决策阶段提供环境投入是必要的，也是可能的。决策语境必须推动SEA的形成和过程。实际上，这是Brown&Hill(1995)的决策范围概念的扩展，该概念最初是为了提高基于项目的环境影响评估的效率和效力而开发的，用于政策的环境评估。
The concept of strategic environmental assessment (SEA) has developed rapidly in recent years and has been extensively promoted by environmental assessment (EA) practitioners. SEA has been the focus of considerable dialogue, increasing regulatory attention and emerging evidence of application. This paper seeks to advance the potential for the adoption of SEA in policy making by focusing attention on policy making processes themselves, and on the need for SEA procedures to be moulded to these existing policy making activities. We argue that widespread adoption of SEA concepts is unlikely unless EA practitioners become much more cognisant of the policy making process. Too much of the literature on SEA to date is insular — EA practitioners communicating amongst themselves. Dialogue on SEA development must be between EA proponents and policy makers/theorists if SEA of policy is to fulfil its promise. In order to make SEA of policies effective, SEA must influence the decisions that are intrinsic in policy making. We provide a simplified policy making model and demonstrate that it is necessary, and possible, for SEA to provide environmental input throughout the stages of policy formulation and decision making. The policy making context must drive the form and process of the SEA. In effect, this is an extension of Brown & Hill's (1995) notion of decision scoping, originally developed to increase the efficiency and effectiveness of project-based EIA, to the environmental assessment of policies.