High levels of extra-group paternity in a population of Australian magpies Gymnorhina tibicen:: evidence from microsatellite analysis
High levels of extra-group paternity in a population of Australian magpies Gymnorhina tibicen:: evidence from microsatellite analysis
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DOI：
10.1046/j.1365-294x.2003.01997.x
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发表时间：
2003-12-01
影响因子：
4.9
通讯作者：
Russell, E
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Hughes, JM;Mather, PB;Russell, E
繁殖系统在鸟类中有很大的不同，从一夫一妻制到复杂的群体系统，每个季节都有下属帮助繁殖个体抚养后代。澳大利亚喜鹊在地理上的羽毛图案和社会组织都有所不同。一些东方和西方羽毛形式的种群是多繁殖者，群体大小从3个到15个以上的成熟个体不等。本研究利用微卫星位点的变异来确定西澳大利亚州珀斯附近的西部型人群中的组外父系水平。群外父系是迄今为止所有鸟类中最高的（82%），表明在一个领土内很少有后代是由雌性的社会伴侣所生。此外，数据表明，近10%的青少年不是在其领土内的任何女性的遗传后代，这表明一些种内育雏寄生。两者合计，这些发现是显着的，考虑到高度领土性质的物种和领土防御的范围内实行的所有成员的集团对组外同种在白天。
Breeding systems vary widely in birds, from monogamous pairs through to complex group systems where subordinates assist breeding individuals to rear young each season. The Australian magpie varies geographically both in plumage patterns and social organization. Some populations of both eastern and western plumage forms are plural breeders with group size varying from three to over 15 mature individuals. This study used variation at microsatellite loci to determine the level of extra-group paternity in a population of the western form near Perth in Western Australia. Extra-group paternity was the highest recorded for any bird species to date (82%) and indicates that few offspring within a territory are sired by the social partner of the female. In addition, the data indicated that nearly 10% of juveniles were not the genetic offspring of any female within their territory, suggesting some intraspecific brood parasitism. Taken together, these findings are remarkable considering the highly territorial nature of the species and the extent of territorial defence practised by all members of the group towards extra-group conspecifics during daylight hours.