Human milk glycobiome and its impact on the infant gastrointestinal microbiota
Human milk glycobiome and its impact on the infant gastrointestinal microbiota
复制标题
DOI：
10.1073/pnas.1000083107
复制
发表时间：
2011-03-15
影响因子：
11.1
通讯作者：
Mills, David A.
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Zivkovic, Angela M.;German, J. Bruce;Mills, David A.
人乳含有出乎意料的丰富和多样性的复杂寡糖，这些寡糖显然不能被发育中的婴儿消化，而是靶向其同源的胃肠道微生物群。基于质谱的工具的最新进展提供了一个观点，在哺乳期和人类母亲之间的牛奶中产生的寡糖结构。这些低聚糖的一个假定功能是富集含有双歧杆菌的特定“健康”微生物群，双歧杆菌是母乳喂养婴儿粪便中常见的一个属。隔离培养研究确实显示了婴儿传播的双歧杆菌在乳寡糖或其中的核心组分上的选择性生长。平行的糖谱分析表明，许多长双歧杆菌亚种。哺乳动物菌株优先消耗在泌乳周期早期丰富的小质量寡糖。众多B的基因组测序。长双歧杆菌婴儿亚种与成人传播的双歧杆菌相比，双歧杆菌菌株显示出对使用双歧杆菌来源的碳水化合物所需的基因的偏好。哺乳动物哺乳的这种有趣的策略，选择性地用一系列复杂的游离寡糖滋养婴儿中遗传相容的细菌，作为如何影响人类超机体系统（包括胃肠道微生物群）的模型。
Human milk contains an unexpected abundance and diversity of complex oligosaccharides apparently indigestible by the developing infant and instead targeted to its cognate gastrointestinal microbiota. Recent advances in mass spectrometry-based tools have provided a view of the oligosaccharide structures produced in milk across stages of lactation and among human mothers. One postulated function for these oligosaccharides is to enrich a specific "healthy" microbiota containing bifidobacteria, a genus commonly observed in the feces of breast-fed infants. Isolated culture studies indeed show selective growth of infant-borne bifidobacteria on milk oligosaccharides or core components therein. Parallel glycoprofiling documented that numerous Bifidobacterium longum subsp. infantis strains preferentially consume small mass oligosaccharides that are abundant early in the lactation cycle. Genome sequencing of numerous B. longum subsp. infantis strains shows a bias toward genes required to use mammalian-derived carbohydrates by comparison with adult-borne bifidobacteria. This intriguing strategy of mammalian lactation to selectively nourish genetically compatible bacteria in infants with a complex array of free oligosaccharides serves as a model of how to influence the human supraorganismal system, which includes the gastrointestinal microbiota.