Boulder sizes and shapes on asteroids: A comparative study of Eros, Itokawa and Ryugu

Boulder sizes and shapes on asteroids: A comparative study of Eros, Itokawa and Ryugu
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小行星上巨石的大小和形状:爱神、糸川和龙宫的比较研究

DOI:
10.1016/j.icarus.2020.114282
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发表时间:
2021
期刊:
影响因子:
3.2
通讯作者:
Hagermann Axel
Hagermann Axel
中科院分区:
物理与天体物理2区
文献类型:
--
作者:
Michikami Tatsuhiro;Hagermann Axel

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为了了解小行星Eros、Itokawa和Ryugu的地质演化及其碰撞历史,以前的研究调查了它们表面的巨石尺寸分布。然而,这些尺寸分布的定量比较受到阻碍,这些研究之间的许多差异,关于定义的巨石的大小,测量技术和拟合方法,以确定功率指数的巨石尺寸分布。我们通过使用小天体测绘工具(SBMT)重新测量Eros和Itokawa整个表面上的巨石,并将我们的观察结果与Ryugu数据相结合,提供了一个一致和连贯的巨石尺寸分布模型。我们推导出Eros、Itokawa和Ryugu的巨砾尺寸分布的幂指数分别为−3.25 ± 0.14、−3.05 ± 0.14和−2.65 ± 0.05。拥有最高数量密度的巨石≥ 5米的小行星是Ryugu,而不是先前研究所建议的Itokawa。我们发现,外观的巨石往往朝向更细长的形状作为小行星的大小减小,这可以解释为小行星重力和巨石摩擦角的差异。我们的定量观测结果表明,漂砾迁移优先影响较小的漂砾,往往发生在较大的小行星。
In order to understand the geological evolution of asteroids Eros, Itokawa and Ryugu and their collisional history, previous studies investigated boulder size distributions on their surfaces. However, quantitative comparison of these size distributions is hampered by numerous differences between these studies regarding the definition of a boulder's size, measuring technique and the fitting method to determine the power-index of the boulder size distributions. We provide a consistent and coherent model of boulder size distributions by remeasuring the boulders on the entire surfaces of Eros and Itokawa using the Small Body Mapping Tool (SBMT) and combining our observations with the Ryugu data of Michikami et al. (2019). We derived power-indices of the boulder size distributions of −3.25 ± 0.14 for Eros, −3.05 ± 0.14 for Itokawa and −2.65 ± 0.05 for Ryugu. The asteroid with the highest number density of boulders ≥ 5 m turns out to be Ryugu, not Itokawa, as suggested by an earlier study. We show that the appearance of the boulders tends towards more elongated shapes as the size of an asteroid decreases, which can be explained by differences in asteroid gravity and boulder friction angles. Our quantitative observational results indicate that boulder migration preferentially affects smaller boulders, and tends to occur on larger asteroids.
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