The psychological impact of COVID-19 pandemic lockdowns: a review and meta-analysis of longitudinal studies and natural experiments.
The psychological impact of COVID-19 pandemic lockdowns: a review and meta-analysis of longitudinal studies and natural experiments.
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DOI：
10.1017/s0033291721000015
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发表时间：
2021-01
影响因子：
6.9
通讯作者：
Mancini AD
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Prati G;Mancini AD
控制2019冠状病毒病（COVID-19）传播的封锁对全球日常生活产生了深远影响，但其对心理健康的影响仍不清楚，因为现有的荟萃分析和评论主要依赖于横断面研究。我们对调查COVID-19封锁与心理健康之间关系的纵向研究和自然实验进行了快速回顾和荟萃分析。共分析了25项研究，涉及72 004名受试者和58个效应量。使用随机效应模型，我们发现封锁对心理健康症状的影响很小，g = 0.17，s.e. = 0.05，95%CI（0.06-0.24），p = 0.001，但对积极心理功能的影响，g =-0.12，s.e. = 0.11，95%CI（-0.33至0.09），p = 0.27，无显著性。多变量分析的影响大小显示显着和相对较小的影响大小的焦虑和抑郁，而社会支持，孤独，一般困扰，负面影响，自杀风险并不显着。结果表明，研究之间存在很大的异质性，但荟萃回归分析发现，平均年龄，性别，大陆，COVID-19死亡率，封锁天数，出版状态或研究设计没有显著的调节作用。COVID-19封城对心理的影响程度很小，而且差异很大，这表明封城对心理健康的不利影响并不一致，大多数人对封城的影响具有心理弹性。
Lockdowns to control the spread of the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) have had profound effects on everyday life worldwide, but their effect on mental health remains unclear because available meta-analyses and reviews rely mostly on cross-sectional studies. We conducted a rapid review and meta-analysis of longitudinal studies and natural experiments investigating the relationship between COVID-19 lockdowns and mental health. A total of 25 studies involving 72 004 participants and 58 effect sizes were analyzed. Using a random effects model, we found that lockdowns had small effects on mental health symptoms, g = 0.17, s.e. = 0.05, 95% CI (0.06–0.24), p = 0.001, but the effects on positive psychological functioning, g = −0.12, s.e. = 0.11, 95% CI (−0.33 to 0.09), p = 0.27, were not significant. Multivariate analysis of effect sizes revealed significant and relatively small effect sizes for anxiety and depression, while those for social support, loneliness, general distress, negative affect, and suicide risk were not significant. The results indicated substantial heterogeneity among studies, but meta-regression analyses found no significant moderation effects for mean age, gender, continent, COVID-19 death rate, days of lockdown, publication status or study design. The psychological impact of COVID-19 lockdowns is small in magnitude and highly heterogeneous, suggesting that lockdowns do not have uniformly detrimental effects on mental health and that most people are psychologically resilient to their effects.