Exploring car ownership and car use in neighborhoods near metro stations in Beijing: Does the neighborhood built environment matter?
Exploring car ownership and car use in neighborhoods near metro stations in Beijing: Does the neighborhood built environment matter?
复制标题
北京地铁站附近社区汽车保有量和使用情况探究：社区建成环境重要吗？
DOI：
10.1016/j.trd.2017.07.016
复制
发表时间：
2017-10-01
影响因子：
7.6
通讯作者：
Zhao, Pengjun
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Li, Shengxiao;Zhao, Pengjun
公共交通服务被认为在限制汽车使用方面发挥了重要作用。然而，人们发现，许多地铁站附近的汽车使用率仍然很高。本文旨在探讨居住在地铁站附近人群的汽车拥有量和汽车使用量。以北京中国为例，本研究表明，在土地利用混合程度较高的地区，拥有汽车的可能性以及工作和非工作车辆行驶里程(VKT)较低。居民收入和家庭结构对VKT均有影响。具有可持续土地利用和交通方式意识的人使用的VKT较少。这项研究在中国背景下也有一些有趣的新发现。研究发现，居住密度与VKT无显著相关。有趣的是，社区类型与汽车拥有和使用密切相关：居住在丹威社区的人产生更多的工作VKT，而生活在保障性社区的人使用更多的非工作VKT。此外，租房者比房主更不可能拥有汽车，具有北京户口的人产生的VKT更多。与其他人相比，更喜欢住在离地铁很近的地方、步行出行的人未来更有可能拥有汽车。结果表明，增加地铁站附近社区的土地利用多样性和生活便利设施的可达性，可以通过减少对汽车的依赖来提高交通系统的性能。住房和交通政策，以及行为教育项目，可能会加强这种效果。
Public transport services are believed to play an important role in constraining car use. However, it has been found that cars are still used at high rates near many metro stations. This paper aims to explore car ownership and car use in people living close to metro stations. Taking Beijing, China, as a case study, this study shows that the likelihood of owning a car, and the number of work and non-work vehicle kilometers traveled (VKT), is lower in areas with higher mixed land use. Residents' income and family structure both affect VKT. People with an awareness of sustainable land use and transportation modes use fewer VKT. The study also has some interesting new findings in the Chinese context. It found that residential density was not significantly related to VKT. Interestingly, neighborhood type was firmly associated with car ownership and use: those who live in Danwei neighborhoods generated more work VKT, and those living in indemnificatory neighborhoods used more non-work VKT. Additionally, renters were less likely to own cars than house owners, and people with Beijing hukou generated more VKT. People preferring to live in close proximity to the metro system and travel by foot were more likely to own cars in the future than other people. The results suggest that increasing land use diversity and the accessibility of living amenities in neighborhoods near metro stations could enhance the performance of transport systems by reducing dependence on cars. Housing and transport policies, along with behavior-education programs, could strengthen this effect.