Influences of Neighborhood Context, Individual History and Parenting Behavior on Recidivism Among Juvenile Offenders
Influences of Neighborhood Context, Individual History and Parenting Behavior on Recidivism Among Juvenile Offenders
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DOI：
10.1007/s10964-010-9518-5
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发表时间：
2010-09-01
影响因子：
4.9
通讯作者：
Mennis, Jeremy
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Grunwald, Heidi E.;Lockwood, Brian;Mennis, Jeremy
这项研究考察了邻里环境对青少年累犯的影响，以确定邻里环境是否影响再犯罪的可能性。虽然关于环境因素对犯罪的影响的文献很多，但关于这些因素对青少年累犯的影响却知之甚少。被分析的样本包括7,061名致力于费城社区项目的犯罪男性青少年，其中74%是黑人，13%是西班牙裔，11%是白人。由于样本青年被嵌套在社区中，因此使用分层广义线性模型来预测三种一般类别的累犯犯罪：毒品、暴力和财产。结果表明，不同类型的犯罪的预测因素不同，毒品犯罪与财产犯罪和暴力犯罪不同。社区层面的因素被发现影响毒品犯罪的累犯率，但并不是暴力犯罪、财产犯罪或综合累犯率的显著预测因素，尽管预期相反。本文讨论了邻里环境只影响青少年毒品累犯这一发现所产生的影响。
This study examined the effects of neighborhood context on juvenile recidivism to determine if neighborhoods influence the likelihood of reoffending. Although a large body of literature exists regarding the impact of environmental factors on delinquency, very little is known about the effects of these factors on juvenile recidivism. The sample analyzed includes 7,061 delinquent male juveniles committed to community-based programs in Philadelphia, of which 74% are Black, 13% Hispanic, and 11% White. Since sample youths were nested in neighborhoods, a hierarchical generalized linear model was employed to predict recidivism across three general categories of recidivism offenses: drug, violent, and property. Results indicate that predictors vary across the types of offenses and that drug offending differs from property and violent offending. Neighborhood-level factors were found to influence drug offense recidivism, but were not significant predictors of violent offenses, property offenses, or an aggregated recidivism measure, despite contrary expectations. Implications stemming from the finding that neighborhood context influences only juvenile drug recidivism are discussed.