Feeding and excreta collection techniques in metabolizable energy assays for ducks
Feeding and excreta collection techniques in metabolizable energy assays for ducks
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DOI：
10.1093/ps/76.5.728
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发表时间：
1997-05-01
期刊：
影响因子：
4.4
通讯作者：
King, D
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Adeola, O;Ragland, D;King, D
介绍了测定鸭饲料原料中代谢能的饲养和粪便收集技术，持续时间为102 h。停饲后8和32 h，在100 g水中添加30 g葡萄糖，通过灌胃给药。在取料后48和54 h，用100 g水中添加30 g试验成分或葡萄糖（用于估计鸭子体内能量和氮的内源性损失）。排泄物的收集包括将一个带螺纹的塑料固定环缝合到排气口上，并将一个Whirl-Pak（TM）塑料袋拧到固定环上，该塑料袋安装在Playtex（TM）婴儿奶瓶的顶部，在螺纹以下3厘米处剪断。分别于停饲后54、60、72、84、96和102 h更换Whirl-Pak（TM）袋收集排泄物。在两个试验中，每组均选用平均体重为3.7 kg的鸭进行处理。在试验1中，4只鸭分别饲喂玉米、去皮燕麦和小麦3种饲粮，4只鸭不饲喂饲料，以评估氮和能量的内源损失。试验2,6只鸭分别饲喂玉米和高粱两种试验原料，6只鸭不饲喂饲料。试验期间，试验鸭平均减重537 g（试验1）和462 g（试验2），减重在全饲后7 d内全部恢复。无饲组氮（每只鸭每54 h）损失分别为292（试验1）和461（试验2），能量（每只鸭每54 h）损失分别为12.12和22.26千卡。试验1和试验2测定的玉米AME(n)和TMEn分别为3.245和3.407 kcal/g， 3.210和3.517 kcal/g。脱壳燕麦、小麦和高粱的AME(n)和TMEn分别为3.464和3.625、3.150和3.312、3.363和3.670 kcal/g。
Feeding and excreta collection techniques, lasting 102 h, for the determination of ME in feed ingredients for ducks are described. Eight and 32 h after feed withdrawal, all ducks received 30 g of dextrose in 100 g of water by orogastric administration. By orogastric administration, ducks received 30 g of test ingredients or dextrose (for ducks used in estimation of endogenous losses of energy and nitrogen) in 100 g of water at 48 and 54 h after feed withdrawal. The collection of excreta involved suturing a threaded plastic retainer ring to the vent and screwing a Whirl-Pak(TM) plastic bag, mounted on the top portion of a Playtex(TM) baby nurser set plastic bottle cut off 3 cm below the threads, to the retainer ring. Excreta were collected by replacing the Whirl-Pak(TM) bags at 54, 60, 72, 84, 96, and 102 h after feed withdrawal. In each of two experiments, ducks with an average weight of 3.7 kg were assigned to treatments. In Experiment 1, four ducks were assigned to each of three test ingredients (corn, dehulled oats, and wheat) and four ducks were assigned to be deprived of feed for estimation of endogenous losses of nitrogen and energy. In Experiment 2, six ducks were assigned to each of two test ingredients (corn and sorghum) and six ducks were assigned to be deprived of feed. Ducks lost an average of 537 g (Experiment 1) and 462 g (Experiment 2) during the 102-h experimental period and all the lost weight was regained within 7 d of return to full feed. Losses of nitrogen (milligrams per duck per 54 h) were 292 (Experiment 1) and 461 (Experiment 2) and energy (kilocalories per duck per 54 h) were 12.12 and 22.26 in feed-deprived group. The determined AME(n) and TMEn for corn were 3.245 and 3.407, and 3.210 and 3.517 kcal/g for Experiments 1 and 2, respectively. For dehulled oats, wheat, and sorghum, the determined AME(n) and TMEn were 3.464 and 3.625, 3.150 and 3.312, and 3.363 and 3.670 kcal/g, respectively.