Clustering of fast-food restaurants around schools: A novel application of spatial statistics to the study of food environments
Clustering of fast-food restaurants around schools: A novel application of spatial statistics to the study of food environments
复制标题
DOI：
10.2105/ajph.2004.056341
复制
发表时间：
2005-09-01
影响因子：
12.7
通讯作者：
Gortmaker, SL
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Austin, SB;Melly, SJ;Gortmaker, SL
目标。我们调查了学校附近地区快餐店的集中度，以表征学校附近的食品环境。我们使用餐馆和学校地址的地理编码数据库来检查芝加哥快餐店、幼儿园和中小学的位置模式。我们使用二元K函数统计方法来量化学校周边快餐店的聚类程度（空间依赖性）。芝加哥任何一所学校到最近快餐店的中间距离为0.52公里，一个成年人步行5分钟多一点的距离，78%的学校在800米范围内至少有一家快餐店。快餐店在统计上显著地聚集在离学校很近的步行距离内，估计离学校1.5公里内的快餐店的数量是如果快餐店分布在整个城市而与学校位置无关的情况下的3到4倍。快餐店集中在离学校很短的步行距离内，使孩子们暴露在学校附近质量差的食物环境中。
Objectives. We examined the concentration of fast food restaurants in areas proximal to schools to characterize school neighborhood food environments.Methods. We used geocoded databases of restaurant and school addresses to examine locational patterns of fast-food restaurants and kindergartens and primary and secondary schools in Chicago. We used the bivariate K function statistical method to quantify the degree of clustering (spatial dependence) of fast-food restaurants around school locations.Results. The median distance from any school in Chicago to the nearest fast-food restaurant was 0.52 km, a distance that an adult can walk in little more than 5 minutes, and 78% of schools had at least 1 fast-food restaurant within 800 m. Fast-food restaurants were statistically significantly clustered in areas within a short walking distance from schools, with an estimated 3 to 4 times as many fast-food restaurants within 1.5 km from schools than would be expected if the restaurants were distributed throughout the city in a way unrelated to school locations.Conclusions. Fast-food restaurants are concentrated within a short walking distance from schools, exposing children to poor-quality food environments in their school neighborhoods.