Characteristics Analysis and Fuzzy Fractional-Order PID Parameter Optimization for Primary Frequency Modulation of a Pumped Storage Unit Based on a Multi-Objective Gravitational Search Algorithm
Characteristics Analysis and Fuzzy Fractional-Order PID Parameter Optimization for Primary Frequency Modulation of a Pumped Storage Unit Based on a Multi-Objective Gravitational Search Algorithm
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DOI：
10.3390/en13010137
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发表时间：
2019-12
期刊：
影响因子：
3.2
通讯作者：
Xin Wu;Yanhe Xu;Liu Jie;Cong Lv;Jian-zhong Zhou;Qing Zhang
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
Xin Wu;Yanhe Xu;Liu Jie;Cong Lv;Jian-zhong Zhou;Qing Zhang
与常规水电机组相比，抽水蓄能机组具有工况多样、开关频繁等特点。因此，调节系统一次调频过渡过程的稳定性和调节质量非常重要。由于抽水蓄能机组（PSU）的“S”特性，抽水蓄能机组调节系统具有很强的非线性，传统的比例积分导数（PID）控制器在低水头条件下无法提供高质量的控制。本文研究了考虑弹性水锤效应的非线性PSU模型，设计了模糊分数阶PID （FFOPID）控制器来提高系统的稳定性。基于多目标引力搜索算法对分数阶PID的隶属函数和控制参数进行了优化。实验结果表明，优化设计的FFOPID控制器在系统受低水头转速干扰时，比传统PID控制器、分数阶PID控制器（FOPID）和模糊PID控制器（FPID）具有更好的控制质量。
Compared with conventional hydropower units, the pumped storage unit has the characteristics of diverse working conditions and frequent switching. Therefore, the stability and regulation quality of the primary frequency modulation transition process of the regulating system is very important. Due to the “S” characteristics of the pumped storage unit (PSU), the pumped storage unit regulating system has a strong nonlinearity, and the conventional proportional-integral-derivative (PID) controller cannot provide high-quality control under low water head conditions. In this paper, the nonlinear PSU model with an elastic water hammer effect is studied, and the fuzzy fractional-order PID (FFOPID) controller is designed to improve the stability of the system. The membership function and the control parameters of the fractional-order PID are optimized based on the multi-objective gravitational search algorithm (MOGSA). The experimental results show that the optimized design of the FFOPID controller has better control quality than the traditional PID controller, the fractional-order PID (FOPID) controller, and the fuzzy PID controller (FPID) when the system is disturbed by the rotating speed under low water head.