THE GENECOLOGY OF LAWN WEEDS
THE GENECOLOGY OF LAWN WEEDS
复制标题
草坪杂草的谱系学
DOI：
10.1111/j.1469-8137.1979.tb07616.x
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发表时间：
1979
期刊：
影响因子：
9.4
通讯作者：
D. Briggs
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
S. Warwick;D. Briggs
总结
为了探讨破坏性选择作用于早熟禾的假说。种群内的镶嵌环境的保龄球果岭和花坛，两个实验方法。
(1)从土壤中的种子和表面碎片从两个保龄球果岭和一个花坛提出的幼苗样品的研究，建立了在每个网站的种子种群比成人更易变。这个结果与破坏性选择的概念是一致的。
(2)建立了一个实验来检查两种生长形式对修剪的反应，并评估修剪作为保龄球绿色环境中选择力的有效性。在控制（unclipped治疗），直立和匍匐变种不同的总产量和营养和花繁殖的相对能量分配。这些差异已经讨论了有关的r和K选择策略。
不同的修剪反应观察组的相对适合度由高到低的顺序由两个保龄球绿色种群的匍匐个人>匍匐个人的花坛种群>直立个人的花坛种群。修剪对直立型有两种影响，结果是：（1）直立型总干物质生产的减少百分比大于匍匐型，（2）直立型与匍匐型相比，通过修剪去除的干重百分比更大。
修剪制度下，对直立植物的选择系数为0.53至0.68。一个选择系数为0.77的匍匐植物在没有修剪。根据草坪和花坛的管理，讨论了选择和基因流动的证据。
SUMMARY
In order to investigate the hypothesis that disruptive selection is acting on Poa annua L. populations within a mosaic environment of bowling greens and flower beds, two experimental approaches were employed.
(1) Studies of samples of seedlings, raised from the seed present in soil and surface debris from the two bowling greens and one flower bed, established that in each site the seed population was more variable than the adult. This result is compatible with the notion of disruptive selection.
(2) An experiment was set up to examine the response of the two growth forms to clipping and to estimate the effectiveness of clipping as a selective force in the bowling green environment. In the control (unclipped treatment), the erect and prostrate variants differed both in total production and in their relative energy allocation to both vegetative and floral reproduction. These differences have been discussed in relation to r and K selection strategies.
Differential response to clipping was observed; the groups in descending order of relative fitness consisted of prostrate individuals from the two bowling green populations > prostrate individuals from the flowerbed populations > erect individuals from flower bed populations. Clipping appears to have two effects on the erect forms resulting in: (1) a greater percentage decrease in total dry matter production in the erect compared with the prostrate forms, and (2) a greater percentage of the dry weight produced being removed by the cut in the erect forms compared with the prostrate forms.
Coefficients of selection acting against erect plants under a regime of clipping ranged from 0.53 to 0.68. A selection coefficient of 0.77 was obtained for prostrate plants in the absence of clipping. In the light of the management of the lawns and flower beds, evidence for selection and gene flow is discussed.