Race, Ethnicity, Psychosocial Factors, and Telomere Length in a Multicenter Setting.
Race, Ethnicity, Psychosocial Factors, and Telomere Length in a Multicenter Setting.
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DOI：
10.1371/journal.pone.0146723
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发表时间：
2016
期刊：
影响因子：
3.7
通讯作者：
Riethman H
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
Lynch SM;Peek MK;Mitra N;Ravichandran K;Branas C;Spangler E;Zhou W;Paskett ED;Gehlert S;DeGraffinreid C;Rebbeck TR;Riethman H
白细胞端粒长度 (LTL) 与年龄、自我报告的种族/民族、性别、教育和社会心理因素（包括感知压力和抑郁）相关。然而，各项研究中 LTL 与疾病和其他表型的关联性存在不一致。人口特征，包括种族/民族、实验室方法和 LTL 统计方法尚未得到全面研究，并且可以解释不一致的 LTL 关联。 LTL 是使用 Southern Blot 对来自一项多种族、多中心研究的 1510 名参与者进行测量，该研究结合了具有不同人群特征和实验室处理方法的 3 个中心的数据。对LTL与心理社会因素以及LTL与种族/民族之间的主要关联进行了评估，然后通过广义估计方程（GEE）和线性回归模型进行比较。统计模型针对通常与 LTL（年龄、性别、癌症状况）相关的因素进行了调整，并考虑了与中心差异相关的因素，包括实验室方法（即 DNA 提取）。还在种族/族裔亚组（非西班牙裔白人、非裔美国人和西班牙裔）内评估了 LTL 与心理社会因素之间的关联。除了对年龄、性别和癌症状况进行调整之外，考虑到 DNA 提取和按中心聚类对 LTL 测量的影响，还需要对其进行额外调整。在调整后的 GEE 模型中，与非西班牙裔白人相比，较长的 LTL 与非裔美国人种族 (Beta(β)(标准误差 (SE)) = 0.09(0.04)，p 值 = 0.04) 和西班牙裔种族 (β(SE) = 0.06(0.01)，p 值 = 0.02) 相关。与高中以上学历相比，较长的 LTL 还与高中以下学历相关（β(SE) = 0.06(0.02)，p 值 = 0.04）。 LTL 与感知压力呈负相关 (β(SE) = -0.02(0.003), p<0.001)。在亚组分析中，受过高中教育的非裔美国人与受过高中以上教育的非裔美国人相比，LTL 呈负相关（β(SE) = -0.11(0.03)，p 值<0.001）。不同中心的实验室方法和群体特征可能会影响多中心环境中的端粒长度关联，但这些影响可以通过统计调整来解决。对潜在偏差来源的正确评估可以进行联合多中心分析，并可以解决 LTL 关联报告中的一些不一致问题。此外，在某些社会心理和种族/族裔环境下，对 LTL 的生物学影响可能有所不同，并可能影响未来的健康差异研究。
Leukocyte telomere length(LTL) has been associated with age, self-reported race/ethnicity, gender, education, and psychosocial factors, including perceived stress, and depression. However, inconsistencies in associations of LTL with disease and other phenotypes exist across studies. Population characteristics, including race/ethnicity, laboratory methods, and statistical approaches in LTL have not been comprehensively studied and could explain inconsistent LTL associations. LTL was measured using Southern Blot in 1510 participants from a multi-ethnic, multi-center study combining data from 3 centers with different population characteristics and laboratory processing methods. Main associations between LTL and psychosocial factors and LTL and race/ethnicity were evaluated and then compared across generalized estimating equations(GEE) and linear regression models. Statistical models were adjusted for factors typically associated with LTL(age, gender, cancer status) and also accounted for factors related to center differences, including laboratory methods(i.e., DNA extraction). Associations between LTL and psychosocial factors were also evaluated within race/ethnicity subgroups (Non-hispanic Whites, African Americans, and Hispanics). Beyond adjustment for age, gender, and cancer status, additional adjustments for DNA extraction and clustering by center were needed given their effects on LTL measurements. In adjusted GEE models, longer LTL was associated with African American race (Beta(β)(standard error(SE)) = 0.09(0.04), p-value = 0.04) and Hispanic ethnicity (β(SE) = 0.06(0.01), p-value = 0.02) compared to Non-Hispanic Whites. Longer LTL was also associated with less than a high school education compared to having greater than a high school education (β(SE) = 0.06(0.02), p-value = 0.04). LTL was inversely related to perceived stress (β(SE) = -0.02(0.003), p<0.001). In subgroup analyses, there was a negative association with LTL in African Americans with a high school education versus those with greater than a high school education(β(SE) = -0.11(0.03), p-value<0.001). Laboratory methods and population characteristics that differ by center can influence telomere length associations in multicenter settings, but these effects could be addressed through statistical adjustments. Proper evaluation of potential sources of bias can allow for combined multicenter analyses and may resolve some inconsistencies in reporting of LTL associations. Further, biologic effects on LTL may differ under certain psychosocial and racial/ethnic circumstances and could impact future health disparity studies.