Insights into transgenerational epigenetics from studies of ciliates.

Insights into transgenerational epigenetics from studies of ciliates.
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DOI:
10.1016/j.ejop.2017.05.004
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发表时间:
2017-10
影响因子:
2.9
通讯作者:
Katz LA
Katz LA
中科院分区:
生物学3区
文献类型:
--
作者:
Pilling OA;Rogers AJ;Gulla-Devaney B;Katz LA

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Epigenetics, a term with many meanings, is broadly defined as the study of dynamic states of the genome. Ciliates, a clade of unicellular eukaryotes, can teach us about the intersection of epigenetics and evolution due to the advantages of working with cultivable ciliate lineages plus their tendency to express extreme phenotypes such as heritable doublet morphology. Moreover, ciliates provide a powerful model for studying epigenetics given the presence of dimorphic nuclei – a somatic macronucleus and germline micronucleus – within each cell. Here, we exemplify the power of studying ciliates to learn about epigenetic phenomena. We highlight “classical” examples from morphology and physiology including cortical inheritance, mating type, and serotype. In addition, we detail molecular studies including DNA elimination; alternative processing and unscrambling; and copy number determination in model lineages. Based on the implications of such studies, we explore epigenetics as a possible functional mechanism for rapid speciation in ciliates.
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