Development and role of retinal glia in regeneration of ganglion cells following retinal injury
Development and role of retinal glia in regeneration of ganglion cells following retinal injury
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DOI：
10.1136/bjo.80.5.458
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发表时间：
1996-05-01
影响因子：
4.1
通讯作者：
MacLaren, RE
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
MacLaren, RE
目的/背景最近的观察表明，未成熟视网膜手术损伤导致的胶质瘢痕不同于中枢神经系统的其他部位，因为它允许再生轴突的快速生长和重新连接。本研究在负鼠中详细研究了不同发育阶段视网膜胶质细胞的发育及其对损伤的反应，并专门研究了胶质细胞形成相关抑制分子硫酸软骨素蛋白多糖（CSPG）的分布，并与大脑皮层胶质细胞形成的对照位点进行了比较。方法：用细钨探针在视网膜或皮质上切开一条线性狭缝。可变延迟时间后，免疫细胞化学方法检测星形胶质细胞中含有胶质纤维酸性蛋白（GFAP）， Muller细胞中含有vimentin， CSPG细胞中含有CS-56抗体。GFAP还用于不同年龄的小鼠视网膜中星形胶质细胞的正常发育。结果：星形胶质细胞在出生后12天进入视网膜（P12），与神经纤维层血管密切相关。在研究的所有年龄的实验中，受损视网膜上的细胞连续性被重新建立，这没有导致明显的星形胶质细胞增殖或CSPG表达。相反，皮质损伤导致被星形胶质细胞和CSPG包围的囊腔的形成。受损视网膜Muller细胞表达GFAP而不表达CSPG。结论：神经节细胞通过视网膜病变成功再生的部分原因可能是视网膜中星形胶质细胞的缺乏，这导致了最小的胶质细胞形成，或者是它们明显无法表达抑制分子。
Aims/background-Recent observations have shown that the glial scar resulting from a surgical lesion of the immature retina differs from elsewhere in the central nervous system, in that it permits the through growth and reconnection of regenerating axons. This study in the opossum examines in detail the development and reaction to injury of retinal glia at different developmental stages, and specifically examines the distribution of the gliosis related inhibitory molecule, chondroitin sulphate proteoglycan (CSPG), making comparisons with a control site of gliosis in the cerebral cortex.Methods-A linear slit was cut into the retina or cortex with a fine tungsten probe. After a variable time delay, immunocytochemistry of the resulting gliosis was employed to detect astrocytes with glial fibrillary acidic protein (GFAP), Muller cells with vimentin, and CSPG with CS-56 antibodies. GFAP was also used at different ages to examine the normal development of astrocytes in the retina of this species.Results-Astrocytes entered the retina 12 days after birth (P12), closely associated with blood vessels in the nerve fibre layer. In experiments at all ages studied, cellular continuity was re-established across the lesioned retina, which did not result in a significant astrocyte proliferation or CSPG expression. In contrast, cortical injury led to the development of a cystic cavity surrounded by astrocytes and CSPG. Muller cells expressed GFAP but not CSPG in the lesioned retina.Conclusion-Successful regrowth of ganglion cells through a retinal lesion may be partly the result of the scarcity of astrocytes in the retina, which results in minimal gliosis, or of their apparent inability to express inhibitory molecules.